COCHRANK 



1454 



COCKFIGHTING 



residue, or what rem:im~. dries slowly ami is 

 kn.\Mi M rochineal paste." It is then ready 

 for use in dyeing. 



There are two principal varieties, silver 

 i-ix-hmeal. \\hu-h ha* a grayish-red color, and 

 black rtx-hmeal. which is of a dark, reddish- 

 lirnwn. Thf live was introduced into Europe 

 from Mexico and is now furnished not only 

 l.y Mexico and Peru, but also by Algiers and 

 Southern Spain. 



COCHRANE, cock' ran, a town in the Timis- 

 kammjc district. Ontario, 480 miles north of 

 T.. i onto. 7;V> miles southeast of Winnipeg and 

 550 miles west of Quebec. It is the northern 

 terminus of the Timiskaming & Northern 

 Ontario Railway, and is the most important 

 point between Winnipeg and Quebec on the 

 National Transcontinental Railway. Both of 

 these railroads here maintain roundhouses and 

 repair shops. The district tributary to Coch- 

 rane, which has been open to settlement and 

 development for only a few years, includes the 

 Porcupine gold fields, nickel and iron mines 

 and a rich lumbering section. The town is the 

 natural outfitting point for prospectors, miners 

 and lumbermen and for sportsmen who visit 

 the region to hunt or fish. Cochrane was 

 founded in 1908, and was named for Hon. 

 Francis Cochrane, at that time minister of 

 lands and mines for Ontario. The town site 

 was surveyed by the Timiskaming & Northern 

 Ontario Railway Commission, which received 

 from the Ontario government the right to sell 

 or otherwise dispose of the land. Population 

 in 1911, 1,715; in 1916, about 2.500. 



COCHRANE, FKAXCIS (1852- ), a Cana- 

 dian merchant and legislator who became 

 Dominion Minister of Railways and Canals in 

 1911. He was born in Clarenceville, Que., and 

 received his schooling at the academy there. 

 As a young man he removed to Sudbury, Ont., 

 where he acquired important business interests, 

 particularly in lumbering and mining. Becom- 

 ing active in politics, he first served several 

 terms as mayor of Sudbury, and then from 

 1905 to 1911 sat in the provincial assembly. 

 From 1908 to 1911 he was also provincial 

 minister of lands and mines in the Cabinet of 

 Sir James P. Whitney. In 1911 he was elected 

 to the House of Commons and entered on his 

 duties as Minister of Railways and Canals. 



COCKATOO ' , a climbing bird of the parrot 

 family, the sulphur-crested species of which 

 is an object of interest in zoological gardens. 

 The cockatoos are natives of the East Indies 

 and Australia, but are found in captivity else- 



u lii iv. especially in Kurope, for they can be 

 t:iiiicl r.isily. Unlike (he parrots, however. 

 they can be taught only a few words. Their 

 cry is harsh and unmusical and its sound sun- 

 geMed the name. Cockatoos have large. h:ir<l 

 hilk highly curved; long wings :md long, broad 

 and usually rounded tails. They can raise or 



THE COCKATOO 



lower their crests and expand them like fans, 

 at will. Most cockatoos have whitish plumage, 

 but some are tinged with red, orange, yellow 

 and other colors. A black cockatoo, the largest 

 of this family of birds, is a native of North- 

 ern Australia. 



COCK 'CHAFER, a clumsy brown beetle, re- 

 markable for the fact that as a destructive white 

 grub it exists three years in the ground; during 

 this time it feeds upon the roots of grass and 

 stalks of corn. When at the end of the period 

 of growth the grubs become beetles, they fly 

 and feed at night, often doing much harm to 

 .the leaves of fruit trees. . Because they come 

 from the ground in late May and early June, 

 they are also called May bugs, May beetles 

 or June bugs. Where cockchafer grubs are 

 numerous, the plowing of the ground in Sep- 

 tember will destroy one brood. Turning hogs, 

 chickens and turkeys loose on the plowed 

 ground will assure the destruction of the 

 younger grubs. 



COCK 'FIGHTING, a cniel sport which con- 

 sists of pitting game-cocks against each other 

 and permitting them to fight to the death. 

 This amusement originated in the Far East, 

 is mentioned in the earliest Chinese records 



