COLERIDGE-TAYLOR 



I 17'J 



COLIGNY 



>clii>uliiiatr. Cult-ridge remained at this school 

 i MI ught years and in 1791 entered Cambridge 

 I'mvLTMty, but was unable to finish his course. 

 \ vi.Mt to Southey in 1794 was notable from 

 the fact that tin- tuo young men, enthiisia-tie 

 U-lievers in the principles of the French Revo- 

 lution, planned to found, on the banks of the 

 Siwquehannu River in America, an ideal 

 brotherly community. Lack of capital put an 

 end to this dream. 



In 1795 Coleridge married the sister of 

 Southey'a wife, and was soon settled near 

 Wordsworth's home, at Nether Stowey. The 

 result of their companionship was the publica- 

 tion, in 1798, of The Lyrical Ballads, the re- 

 markable volume of poems that marks the 

 beginning of the Romantic Period of English 

 literature. To this Coleridge contributed that 

 masterpiece of modern ballad writing, The 

 Rime of the Ancient Mariner. During the 

 same year he traveled in Germany with Words- 

 worth, where he became an eager student of 

 the philosophy of Immanuel Kant. 



On his return to England he settled in Kes- 

 wick, in the beautiful Lake country, to be near 

 Wordsworth and Southey, and at this time did 

 some of his best writing. It was during this 

 period also, that he began to suffer from 

 rheumatic pains that brought him into the 

 grip of the terrible opium habit. Unable to 

 fight the battle alone, he lived from 1816 until 

 his death in the home of a London friend, 

 leaving his family to the care of Southey. His 

 great book of literary criticism, Biographia 

 Literaria, appeared in 1817, but his creative 

 powers were so weakened that in his later years 

 he produced little that was noteworthy. His 

 personal charm and extraordinary gifts in con- 

 versation, however, made him to the end a 

 notable figure in his own circle. 



Coleridge's fame as a poet rests chiefly on 

 The Ancient Mariner, Christabel and Kubla 

 Khan, three poems that express in the highest 

 degree the splendor of his imagination and his 

 sense of melody. His gifts as a literary critic 

 were hardly less remarkable, and he is honored 

 as the father of modern Shakespearean study. 

 Furthermore, he exerted a tremendous influence 

 on nineteenth-century thought by his introduc- 

 tion into England of German literature and 

 philosophy. B.M.W. 



COLERIDGE-TAYLOR, kohl'rij ta'ler, SAM- 

 UEL (1875-1912), an English musical composer 

 whose best-known work is a composition for 

 orchestra and chorus entitled Hiawatha's Wed- 

 ding. He was born in London, and on his 



father's >idc was of African descent. At lin- 

 age of fifteen he entered the Royal Academy, 

 cunt inning his studies until 1896, when ho began 

 an independent career as a composer. Both in 

 England and America, which he visited in 1901, 

 1906 and 1910, his work was held in high re- 

 gard. His chief compositions include a ,s'//m- 

 phony in A minor ; Four Waltzes for orchestra ; 

 a Concerto, for violin and orchestra; an oper- 

 etta, Dream-Lovers; an oratorio, The Atone- 

 ment; five choral works, pieces for the piano, 

 and songs. 



COLFAX, kohl'jaks, SCHUYLER (1823-1885). 

 an American statesman, who first achieved 

 fame as the editor of the South Bend Register, 

 in his day the most powerful Whig publication 

 in Indiana. He was born in New York City, 

 but moved to Indiana in 1836. Elected to 

 Congress in 1854, he served seven terms, and 

 during this time he was Speaker of the House 

 from December 7, 1863, to March 4, 1869. Dur- 

 ing Grant's first term as President, Colfax was 

 Vice-President of the United States. While 

 holding that office he was accused of postal 

 frauds and his name was connected with the 

 Credit Mobilier scandal, but nothing was 

 proved against him. His later years were spent 

 delivering lectures, and he was the founder of 

 the Daughters of Rebekah branch of American 

 Odd Fellowship. See CREDIT MOBILJEK. 



COLIC, kol'ik, a severe cramping pain in 

 the bowels or neighboring organs, caused by 

 cold, poisoning or irritating food. Colic is 

 common in babies during their first six months, 

 although if infants are kept clean, warm and 

 properly and regularly fed, it should not ap- 

 pear. Usually the application of a hot water 

 bottle to the abdomen and a dose of castor 

 oil will bring relief; if not, a physician should 

 be called. Colic may be prevented by rubbing 

 the back, from the waist upward (see BABY). 



In Animals. Some animals are subject to 

 various forms of colic, especially horses and 

 mules. It is caused usually by hard work too 

 soon after feeding, exposure to cold, too much 

 cold water or undigested food. The symptoms 

 are: turning the head backward, evidences of 

 pain, lying down and getting up frequently, 

 and pawing and striking with the feet. The 

 best remedy is a drench of one ounce of chloral 

 hydrate in a pint of water. Ether and lauda- 

 num are also effective. 



COLIGNY, or COLIGNI, koleen'ye, GAS- 

 PARD DE (1517-1572), a noble French admiral 

 and Huguenot leader, remarkable for his 

 prudence, bravery and high character, when 



