COLUMBUS 



1505 



COLUMBUS 



Among the notable buildings are the $150,- 

 000 post office, constructed in 1893; a hotel 

 built in 1915 at a cost of $250,000; a $100,000 

 Industrial High School, built in 1906; a $100,000 

 marble Y. M. C. A. building; a $157,000 Car- 

 negie Library, completed in 1907, and a city 

 hospital which cost $75,000 in 1915. The city 

 has wide streets, and 170 acres are assigned to 

 parks. Girard, Ala., a suburb of Columbus, is 

 on the opposite bank of the river, which is 

 spanned by a bridge. 



Columbus was the first city of the South 

 to adopt graded schools and manual training. 

 There are night schools, kindergartens, a pri- 

 mary industrial school for the children of the 

 poorer wage-earners, and a provision for "the 

 little dinner carriers" who carry dinners to rela- 

 tives at work; study hours are regulated for 

 their convenience. In addition to these the 

 city has two schools for girls, a Catholic acad- 

 emy, two schools of music, a business school and 

 a library. 



Columbus was settled in 1827 and named for 

 the discoverer of America; it was incorporated 

 as a city in 1836. As early as 1845 it was a 

 cotton center and had a cotton mill. During 

 the War of Secession the Southern armies de- 

 pended on Columbus for their clothing and 

 ammunition. It was here the last battle of 

 the war was fought, the city being taken in 

 April, 1865, by General Wilson. L.J.H. 



COLUMBUS, IND., the county seat of Bar- 

 tholomew County, in the southeastern part of 

 the state, forty-one miles southeast of Indian- 

 apolis. The town was settled in 1821 and char- 

 tered as a city in 1864. It is on the east fork 

 of the White River, and on the Pittsburgh, 

 Cincinnati, Chicago & Saint Louis, the Cleve- 

 land, Cincinnati, Chicago & Saint Louis, and 

 the Indianapolis, Columbus & Southern Trac- 

 tion (electric) railroads. The area is two and 

 a half square miles. The population, which in 

 1910 was 8,813, was 9,241 in 1916. Twelve miles 

 east of the city is Hope,' a Moravian settle- 

 ment. 



The city has several parks, a Federal build- 

 ing, county courthouse, city hall, Carnegie 

 Library and Bartholomew County hospital. 

 Important industrial plants include manufac- 

 tories of mahogany furniture, tanned leather, 

 pulleys, threshing and sawmill machinery, gaso- 

 line engines, transmission gears, starch, etc. 

 The annual output of these plants exceeds 

 $4,500,000 in value. L.J.L. 



COLUMBUS, Miss., an industrial and educa- 

 tional city with a population of 8,988 in 1910, 

 95 



which increased to 10,561 in 1914. About one- 

 half of this number are negroes. It is the 

 county seat of Lowndes County, and is on the 

 Tombigbee River, north of the central part of 

 the state, about eight miles west of its east- 

 ern border. Meridian is ninety-eight miles 

 south, Jackson, the state capital, is 150 miles 

 southwest, and Birmingham, Ala., is 122 miles 

 east. The city is served by the Southern Rail- 

 way, constructed to this point in 1888, and by 

 the Mobile & Ohio, built in 1859. The city 

 was founded in 1817 where Andrew Jackson's 

 military road to New Orleans crossed the river, 

 was incorporated in 1821, and named for Chris- 

 topher Columbus. 



Columbus is in one of the richest black 

 prairie sections of the South, and agriculture 

 is the principal source of its wealth. There 

 is an abundance of cotton, timber, corn, al- 

 falfa, fruits and vegetables, and the cultiva- 

 tion of tobacco is increasing. The principal 

 industries are cotton mills, lumber mills, fer- 

 tilizer plants, bottling plants and brick fac- 

 tories. The shops of the Southern and the 

 Mobile & Ohio railways are located here. The 

 most notable buildings are the post office, con- 

 structed in 1911 a* a cost of $60,000; the $88,- 

 000 First State Bank building, and that of the 

 Columbus National Bank, which cost $66,000 

 in 1907. The Mississippi Industrial Institute 

 and College at Columbus was the first college 

 maintained by any state for the exclusive edu- 

 cation of women. It includes a science hall, 

 hospital, music hall and gymnasium; about 

 800 students are enrolled. Franklin Academy 

 and Union Academy (colored) also serve the 

 educational interests. W.H.C. 



COLUMBUS, OHIO, the capital of the state 

 and the county seat of Franklin County, is 

 situated at the junction of the Scioto and 

 Olentangy rivers, near the geographical center 

 of the state, on a level plateau 1,000 feet above 

 sea level. Toledo is 132 miles northwest, 

 Cleveland 170 miles northeast, and Cincinnati 

 120 miles southwest. The area of the city 

 exceeds twenty-two square miles. The popula- 

 tion in 1900 was 125,560; in 1910 it was 181,511 

 and in 1916, 214,878, by Federal estimate. 



Streets and Buildings. The general plan of 

 the city resembles a maltese cross. The two 

 .main streets, Broad and High, run east- west 

 and north-south and intersect at right angles. 

 High street, the main business thoroughfare, is 

 100 feet wide and eight miles long. Broad 

 street, a residence avenue, is 120 feet wide and 

 seven miles long; parking divides this street 



