COLUMBUS 



1JUG 



COLUMBUS 



into a central portion for heavy vehicles and 

 narrower roads on both sides for pleasure 

 vehicles. At the intersection of Broad and 

 High streets and two blocks from the Scioto 

 River is Capitol Square, a park of ten acres, 

 in the center of which stands the state capitol. 

 It is constructed of native gray limestone, in 

 the Doric style of architecture. The length of 

 the building is 304 feet; the width, 184 feet. A 

 cylindrical rotunda 158 feet high rises from 

 the center, upon the walls of which is the 

 painting by William H. Powell of Perry's Vic- 

 tory on Lake Erie. Portraits of most of Ohio's 

 governors and a piece of sculpture by Thomas 

 D. Jones representing the surrender of Vicks- 

 burg by Pemberton to Grant are art treasures 

 contained in the capitol. 



The judiciary buildings are connected with 

 the capitol by a stone terrace. The first state 

 houses were of brick, and cost $85,000. The 

 present massive structures cover nearly three 

 acres, and were erected at a total cost of $2,- 

 500,000. At the west entrance to the square 

 is a beautiful McKinley Memorial Arch, sculp- 

 tured by H. A. McNeil. On the capitol 

 grounds is a group of statuary comprising 

 monuments to Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford 



B. Hayes, James A. Garfield, Willam T. Sher- 

 man, Philip H. Sheridan, Salmon P. Chase 

 and Edwin M. Stanton. 



Prominent buildings facing the capitol about 

 the square are the city hall, the Chamber 

 of Commerce, the post office and the Y. M. 



C. A. On Broad Street is the Soldiers' and 

 Sailors' Memorial building, with a seating 

 capacity of 4.500. Other prominent structures 

 are the United States pension building, Frank- 

 lin County courthouse, union station, United 

 Commercial Travelers' Home, Masonic Tem- 

 ple, the state penitentiary (one of the oldest 

 in the United States, where Morgan and his 

 raiders were imprisoned during the War of 

 the Secession), the Columbus State hospital 

 and the public library. 



, Institutions. The Ohio State University 

 (which see) is situated in the northwestern 

 part of the city, on a beautiful campus of 

 440 acres extending along the Olentangy River. 

 Other important educational institutions in- 

 clude the Capital University and Theological 

 Seminary (Evangelical Lutheran), the Ohio 

 Medical University, the Ohio Agricultural 

 and Mechanical College and the Columbus 

 Art Institute. The Ohio State Library occu- 

 pies a room in the capitol. It contains a large 

 traveling library, from which responsible organ- 



izations or individuals in any part of the state 

 may borrow books. Other public libraries are 

 the city library, the law library of the supreme 

 court of Ohio and the university and public 

 school libraries. Columbus is the seat of the 

 state institution for the education of the deaf 

 and dumb, the Institution for the Blind, the 

 Asylum for Imbecile Youth and the Central 

 Insane Asylum. 



Parks. Throughout the city are a number 

 of attractive parks having a combined area of 

 nearly 300 acres. The largest of these are 

 Franklin, Goodale, Glenwood, Livingston, 

 Schiller, Nelson and Lincoln. The Ohio state 

 fair grounds are in the northern part of the 

 city. Close in, northeast of Capitol Square 

 and occupying a park of eighty acres, is Fort 

 Columbus, an army post, called also Colum- 

 bus Barracks. 



Industries. Industrially Columbus ranks 

 fourth among the cities of the state. It is one 

 of the greatest railroad centers in the United 

 States, and is on or directly connected with 

 all of the important roads of the East. Eleven 

 electric railways operate out of Columbus. 

 Near-by are large coal beds and oil and gas 

 wells. There are over 800 manufacturing plants 

 in and close to the city, employing 35,000 peo- 

 ple and producing $85,000,000 worth of prod- 

 ucts annually. The most important manufac- 

 tures are foundry and machine-shop products, 

 such as mining and conveying machinery, con- 

 tractors' equipment, steel cars, steel castings, 

 etc. Columbus ranks twelfth among the cities 

 of the United States in shoe manufacturing. 

 Tile, regalia, couches, dental supplies, piano 

 stools, paint and varnishes are among the most 

 important of scores of manufactured products. 

 The city is a great shipping center for every 

 kind of grain. 



Historical. The first settlement on the 

 present site of the city was made on the west 

 bank of the river in 1797, and named Franklin- 

 ton. In 1812 the city was made the state 

 capital, and a new location was planned across 

 the river, on what was then heavily-timbered 

 land. In 1816, at the time of the first meeting 

 of the legislature on the new site, the settle- 

 ment was incorporated as the borough of 

 Columbus. The Columbus branch of the Ohio 

 Canal was completed in 1831. The borough 

 obtained a city charter in 1834 and in 1871 

 annexed the greater part of Franklinton, the 

 older town across the river, which had never 

 been incorporated. A new city charter, effect- 

 ive in 1916, provided for a modified Federal 



