CONIFERAE 



1539 



CONJUGATION 



and Representatives. In that year Senators 

 received $7 per day, while Representatives re- 

 ceived but $6 per day. The several changes in 

 salaries of members of both houses is given in 

 the following table, subject to the exception 

 above noted: 

 From 1789* to 1815 $ 6.00 per day. 



1815 to 1817 $1,500 per year. 



1817 to 1855 $ 8.00 per day. 



1855 to 1865 $3,000 per year. 



1865 to 1871 $5,000 per year. 



1871 to 1874 $7,500 per year. 



1874 to 1907 $5,000 per year. 



1907 to $7,500 per year. 



Consult Bryce's American Commonwealth; 

 Wilson's Congressional Government. E.D.F. 



Related Subjects. The above article does not 

 enter into detail respecting the organization of 



number the pronoun "I," for example. Such 

 an abbreviated conjugation is called the synop- 

 sis of a verb. 



Conjugation is the inflection of a verb, just 

 as declension is the inflection of a noun and 

 comparison the inflection of an adjective or an 

 adverb. 



A Simplified Scheme. A very compact ar- 

 rangement of the different forms for use in 

 preparing written conjugations is indicated in 

 the following scheme. A point to notice in the 

 accompanying plan is the careful differentiation 

 of will and shall in the different persons, to 

 indicate simple futurity or expectation, on the 

 one hand, and promise or determination, on the 

 other : 



Conjugation o f the Verb "Hide'' 



Present 

 hide 



TENSES 



Present, 



Pres. Perfect 



Past 



Past Perfect 



Future 



(expectation) 

 (determination) 



Future Perfect 

 (expectation) 

 ( determination ) 



PRINCIPAL PARTS 



Post 

 hid 



Past Participle 

 hidden 



ACTIVE VOICE INDICATIVE MODE 



I hide, you hide, he hides ; we, you, they hide 



I have, you have, he has; we, you, they have hidden 



I, you, he ; 'we, you, they hid 



I, you, he ; we, you, they had hidden 



I shall, you, he will; we shall, you, they will hide 

 I will, you, he shall; we will, you, they shall hide 



I shall, you, he will; we shall, you, they will have hidden 

 I will, you, he shall; we will, you, they shall have hidden 



either house of Congress nor explain certain top- 

 ics referred to. In the following articles in these 

 volumes such subjects are treated at length : 



Bill Law 



Committee of the Whole Senate 



Representatives, Speaker 



House of Territory 



CONIFERAE, konif'ere, the botanical name 

 for the trees of the pine family, or the cone- 

 bearers. See CONE-BEARING TREES. 



CONJUGATION, con ju ga' shun. The conju- 

 gation of a verb begins with naming its prin- 

 cipal parts, and then follows the verb in sys- 

 tematic order through the different modes, 

 tenses, persons and numbers, in both the active 

 and the passive voice, finishing with a state- 

 ment of its three participles. The result is a 

 complete and orderly review of the verb, not 

 only in its simple forms, but in the compound 

 forms or verb-phrases. The latter are derived 

 by combining one of the principal parts of the 

 verb with one or more of such auxiliary verbs 

 as am, were, have, been, will or may. 



To shorten so lengthy a process, conjugation 

 is usually carried through the various tenses, 

 modes and voices with a single person and 



The conjugation continues in like manner 

 through the subjunctive, imperative and infinitive 

 modes the modern tendency being to reject the 

 old potential mode ; it lists the present, past and 

 past perfect participles, and then repeats the en- 

 tire process in the passive voice. For all these 

 forms a good text-book on English grammar 

 should be consulted. 



A full conjugation would cover also the inter- 

 rogative, negative and emphatic forms (the latter 

 conjugated with the auxiliary do), and would in- 

 clude progressive conjugation a term used for 

 forms expressing continuous action, as I am sing- 

 ing, I have been singing, I was singing, I shall be 

 singing, and similar combinations of the verb be 

 with the present participle. 



To Stimulate Interest. An excellent means 

 for increasing the interest and practical value 

 of the conjugating exercises is to require the 

 use of additional words after the verb form 

 an object, an adverb, or an adverbial phrase 

 so as to make a complete sentence; as, / hide 

 the book, I hid jrom the boy, I am hidden 

 jrom the others, and so on. Such a plan is 

 especially valuable with verbs like sit, set, lie, 

 lay, rise, raise, and others in which a careful 

 distinction must be made between the transi- 

 tive and intransitive forms. The pupil feels 



