CRANE 



1624 



CRANMER 



goods from the dock and lower them to the 

 hold, or the reverse. 



In work where great weights are being con- 

 stantly lifted and conveyed from place to 

 place, the crane is usually operated by two 



THREE VARIETIES OF CRANES 

 (a) Fixed hand-revolving jib crane ; (6) ham- 

 mer-headed crane; (c) foundry crane (revolv- 

 ing:). 



motors, one supplying the lifting power, the 

 second moving the crane, with its suspended 

 weight, along specially-laid rails to the desired 

 point. The largest crane in the United States 

 Navy Yard at Washington has a lifting ca- 

 pacity of 150 tons; there are, however, many 

 cranes now in use with a far greater capacity. 

 In railway works a locomotive engine may be 

 conveyed bodily to a distant part of the plant 

 by a powerful crane, and lowered to the ground 

 as gently as if it weighed but a few pounds. 



At various ports on the Great Lakes powerful 

 cranes may be seen in operation as the cargoes 

 of grain, coal and ore are taken from the 

 holds of huge freight boats. These are 

 equipped with self-loading and self-emptying 



FORTY-TON LOCOMOTIVE CRANE 



buckets, some of which hold several tons each. 

 The largest-size cranes will unload 2,000 tons 

 of ore an hour. F.ST.A. 



CRANE, STEPHEN (1870-1900), an American 

 novelist and war correspondent, "whose sun 

 went down while it was yet day." After 

 studying at Lafayette .College and Syracuse 

 University, he engaged in newspaper work. 

 While thus employed, and when but twenty-one 

 years old, he wrote and published at his own 

 expense a realistic novel of street and slum life, 



Maggie, a Girl of the Streets. Five years later 

 The Red Badge of Courage proved his wonder- 

 ful powers of description. This story of a raw 

 recruit in battle, his fear on confronting the 

 foe and hearing the whistle of shot and shell 

 are so vividly described, and battle scenes and 

 tactics are so perfectly pictured that critics 

 could not believe the story had been written 

 by any but a war veteran. 



He was correspondent for the New York 

 Journal in the Greco-Turkish War in 1897, and 

 the next year in Cuba during the Spanish- 

 American War. All the while he was also 

 writing novels, producing fourteen in eight 

 years, besides many magazine stories. Through 

 overwork his life was cut short when his bril- 

 liant powers were just developing. Among his 

 other books are The Little Regiment, On Ac- 

 tive Service and Whilomville Stories. Some of 

 his manuscripts were gathered by his wife and 

 issued under the titles Wounds in the Rain and 

 Great Battles of the World. 



CRANE, WALTER (1845-1915), an English 

 painter, book-illustrator, designer, art critic, 

 poet, lecturer and socialist. He was the inti- 

 mate friend and co-worker of William Morris, 

 Burne-Jones, Rossetti and the many lesser men 

 belonging to the Pre-Raphaelite school. Like 

 them, he painted allegorical and mythological 

 subjects, designed wall-papers and tapestries, 

 illustrated his own books and those of other 

 writers, all with equal facility. He was one of 

 the leaders of the Arts and Crafts movement, 

 and was also associated with Morris in the 

 work of the Kelmscott Press. He is perhaps 

 most widely known as an illustrator of books 

 for children, including Baby's Opera, Pan-Pipes, 

 Flora's Feast, Grimm's Household Stories and 

 Don Quixote. Paintings from his brush have 

 found a place in many of the great galleries 

 of Europe. Among them must be mentioned 

 the portrait of himself in the Uffizi Gallery, 

 Florence; the Renascence of Venus, in the 

 Tate Gallery, London; and the Fate of Per- 

 sephone, in the gallery at Karlsruhe, Germany. 

 His memoirs were issued under the title, An 

 Artist's Reminiscences. See ARTS AND CRAFTS. 



CRANIAL NERVES. See subhead under 

 NERVOUS SYSTEM. 



CRAN'MER, THOMAS (1489-1556), the first 

 Protestant Archbishop of Canterbury, famous 

 for his activity in promoting the English Refor- 

 mation during the reign of Henry VIII. In 

 1523 he received his degree of Doctor of 

 Divinity from Jesus College, Cambridge, and 

 was appointed lecturer on theology. He 



