DAY 



1715 



DAYTON 



in charge of the Canadian government's Yukon 

 survey in 1887, and Dawson City is named for 

 him. In 1891 he took an important part in 

 the arbitration of the controversy regarding 

 the seal fisheries in the Bering Sea. He was 

 the author of many scientific papers and re- 

 ports, especially on the surface geology and 

 mineral formations of Northern and Western 

 Canada. G.H.L. 



DAY, the period of time required for the 

 earth to make one revolution on its axis, or 

 twenty-four hours. In law a day is generally 

 considered to extend from midnight to mid- 

 night, but a business day includes only the 

 business hours customary in any given locality. 

 Also, day may mean the period during which 

 the sun is shining upon a given portion of the 

 earth, or the period of daylight. The light 

 is called day and the darkness night. In the 

 temperate and the polar regions the days and 

 nights vary in length; at the equator they are 

 of equal length. See SEASONS. 



For business and all other ordinary purposes 

 in most parts of the world the day of twenty- 

 four hours is divided into two periods, the 

 forenoon (A. M.) extending from midnight to 

 noon, and the afternoon (p. M.) extending from 

 noon to midnight. The railroads in Western 

 Canada arrange their schedules on a twenty- 

 four hour day, numbering the hours from one 

 o'clock A. M. to twenty-four o'clock. The 

 twenty-four hour day is also official in France. 



Astronomers use a day measured by the time 

 required for the earth to make a complete 

 revolution on its axis in reference to a fixed 

 star. Since the star is so far away that the 

 movement of the earth in its orbit is practically 

 unnoticeable in reference to it, this day is a 

 little shorter than our civil day of twenty-four, 

 hours. It is exactly 23 hours, 56 minutes, 4.098 

 seconds, and is known as the sidereal day. In- 

 stead of writing 1 p. M., the astronomers would 

 write the thirteenth hour. 



The Babylonians began the day at sunrise, 

 the Jews at sunset, and the Egyptians and 

 Romans at midnight. The Chinese divide the 

 day into twelve periods of two hours each. 



DAY, WILLIAM RUFUS. See illustration, with 

 biography, in article SUPREME COURT. 



DAYLIGHT SAVING, a plan for conserving 

 fuel, found successful in Europe and adopted by 

 law in the United States in 1918. Under the 

 law clocks were turned ahead an hour on the last 

 Sunday in March and turned back again on the 

 last Sunday in October. All people pursued 

 their usual activities by clock time, ignoring the 



actual change, and no embarrassment resulted. 

 While conservation was the result sought, the 

 daylight saving was welcomed by workers, but 

 was very strongly opposed by farmers. Offi- 

 cially, the time from March to October was 

 known as summer time ; from October to March, 

 winter time. There was an attempt at repeal 

 in 1919, through pressure upon Congress. 



DAY LILY, a hardy, sun-loving, lilylike 

 plant whose beautiful tawny-orange, white or 

 blue-lilac blossoms live but from the rise of 

 sun to its setting. So the appropriate family 

 name, Hemerocallis, from the Greek, meaning 

 beautiful for a day, suggested the popular 

 name. 



Long leaves, in some species grasslike, spring 

 from fleshy, fibrous roots. The flowers appear 

 in loose clusters at the top of a leafless stalk 

 three to five feet high, six or twelve in a 

 cluster, two or three opening each day. They 

 are funnel-shaped, like a lily, six-parted, with 

 six stamens and long-stalked, heavily-pollened 

 anthers. Day lilies are hardy, easy to culti- 

 vate, and in good rich soil in a moist shady 

 spot make excellent border plants, giving a 

 continuous wealth of blossoms from June to 

 September. 



DAY 'TON, OHIO, a leading manufacturing 

 city and the county seat of Montgomery 

 County. It is situated in the southwestern part 

 of the state, on the east bank of Great Miami 

 River, at the point where it receives the waters 

 of Mad River; it is also on the Miami & Erie 

 Canal. Cincinnati is sixty miles southwest, 

 Columbus is seventy-two miles northeast, and 

 Toledo, 147 miles slightly northeast. The city 

 is served by the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago 

 & Saint Louis; the Cincinnati, Hamilton & 

 Dayton; the Pennsylvania; the Dayton & 

 Union, and the Erie railways; and seven elec- 

 tric lines center here. The rivers are spanned 

 by five concrete bridges. Dayton has a grow- 

 ing population, chiefly American, which in- 

 creased from 116,577 in 1910 to 127,224 in 1916. 

 The area exceeds fifteen and a half square 

 miles. 



Industrial Enterprise Dayton, though fifth 

 in population among the cities of the state in 

 1910, ranked third in invested capital for , 

 manufacturing, in the value of manufactured 

 products and in the number of workmen em- 

 ployed. One of the chief factors of prosperity 

 is the abundant water power afforded by Mad 

 River, through hydraulic canals. The sur- 

 rounding country is an agricultural district, 

 fruits, vegetables and tobacco being extensively 



