DISINFECTANTS 



1807 



DISRAELI 



Elephantiasis 



Epidemic 



Epilepsy 



Erysipelas 



Fainting 



Fever 



Frostbite 



Gangrene 



Gastritis 



Goiter 



Gout 



Hay Fever 



Headache 



Hernia 



Hiccough 



Hives 



Hookworm 



Hydrophobia 



Hysteria 



Immunity 



Infantile Paralysis 



Infant Mortality 



Influenza 



Insanity 



Insomnia 



Itch 



Jaundice 



Kleptomania 



Laryngitis 



Lead Poisoning 



Leprosy 



Lockjaw 



Locomotor Ataxia 



Lumbago 



Lunacy 



Lupus 



Malaria 



Measles 



Meningitis 



Monomania 



Mumps 



Myopia 



Nausea 



Nephritis 



Neuralgia 



Neurasthenia 



Neuritis 



Neurosis 



Neurotic 



Nightmare 



Palpitation of the Heart 



Paralysis 



Parasitic Diseases 



Pellagra 



Peritonitis 



Plague 



Pleurisy 



Pneumonia 



Putrefaction 



Quinsy 



Rheumatism 



Rickets 



Ringworm 



Saint Vitus's Dance 



Scarlet Fever 



Scrofula 



Scurvy 



Seasickness 



Sleeping Sickness 



Smallpox 



Spasm 



Squinting 



Sunstroke 



Tic Douloureux 



Tonsilitis 



Trichina 



Tuberculosis 



Tumor 



Typhoid Fever 



Typhus Fever 



Varicose Veins 



Vertigo. 



Vomiting 



Whooping Cough 



Wounds 



Yellow Fever 



See, also, related lists under AGRICULTURE, 

 subhead Animal Diseases; ANATOMY, and MEDI- 

 CINE AND DRUGS. 



DISINFECT 'ANTS, certain substances 

 which possess the power of destroying disease 

 germs. The term is derived from two Latin 

 words meaning without infection. In cases of 

 sickness of an infectious nature such as diph- 

 theria, scarlet fever, typhoid, measles, smallpox 

 and others, the greatest importance is attached 

 to the thorough disinfection of everything that 

 has been used by or brought in contact with 

 the patient. One of the most reliable, most 

 easily obtained and cheapest disinfectants is 

 chloride of lime. A mixture of six ounces of 

 the chloride in a gallon of water will be found 

 sufficiently powerful to destroy virulent germs 

 in thirty minutes. Carbolic acid is widely used, 

 but demands great care in handling. Cresol, 

 a product of coal tar, is now regarded as a very 

 reliable disinfectant. Formaldehyde is also 



effective, and may be used in powdered form 

 or as a gas (see FUMIGATION). For cleansing 

 and purifying sinks, drains and water pipes a 

 solution of permanganate of potash proves 

 valuable. Surgeons' instruments are sterilized, 

 or disinfected, by exposure to formaldehyde 

 gas or by boiling in water to which a little 

 bicarbonate of soda has been added. Another 

 practical and useful disinfectant is iodine. See 

 ANTISEPTIC; DISEASE. 



DISRAELI, dizra'li, BENJAMIN, Earl of 

 Beaconsfield (1804-1881), a great English states- 

 man and author, the only Jew who has been 

 Prime Minister of Great Britain. He was the 

 eldest son of Isaac Disraeli (1776-1848), a well- 

 known man of 

 letters, who, 

 with his entire 

 family, re- 

 nounced Judaism 

 in 1817 and was 

 baptized into the 

 Church of Eng- 

 land. After an 

 indifferent school- 

 ing young Benja- 

 min worked from 

 his seventeenth 

 to his twentieth 

 year in a London solicitor's office, and was then 

 in 1824 entered at Lincoln's Inn to study law. 

 That profession, however, proved distasteful to 

 him, and with the encouragement of several 

 literary friends he completed a novel, Vivian 

 Grey, which was a success. It won for him an 

 entry into the most exclusive literary and social 

 circles, and made him, at the age of twenty-two, 

 the hero of the hour. 



During the next decade Disraeli continued 

 to write at intervals, and he also entered polit- 

 ical life. In 1837 he was elected to Parliament 

 as a Tory, having been unsuccessful in several 

 previous attempts, and within three weeks after 

 his entrance he attempted a speech on an 

 Irish election petition. With his foppish cloth- 

 ing, his fantastic speech and extravagant ges- 

 tures, he presented a ludicrous figure, and the 

 House laughed him down; but before taking 

 his seat he exclaimed, "I shall sit down now, 

 but the time is coming when you will hear me." 

 Meanwhile, he had not turned from literature, 

 through which he continued to voice his politi- 

 cal principles. In the novels Coningsby and 

 Sybil, noteworthy for the brilliant character 

 pictures, thinly disguised, of public men of his 

 day, he urged adoption of the reform program 



DISRAELI 



