DIVISION 



1821 



DIVORCE 



(3) To divide by 25, multiply by 4 and move 

 the decimal point two places to the left. For 



example, 3628-25=^|^=l45.12. 



(4) To divide by 50, multiply by 2 and move 

 the decimal point two places to the left. For 



example, 784-^50= 



1UU 



=15.68. 



(5) To divide by 33%, multiply by 3 and 

 move decimal point two places to the left, as: 



=24.00. 



(6) To divide by 125, multiply by 8 and 

 move decimal point three places to the left, as : 



(7) To divide by 250, multiply by 4 and 

 move decimal point three places to the left, as : 



6845-^250= 



iUUU 



=27.380. 



(8) Divisor ending in zero. When the di- 

 visor ends in zeros the work may be shortened 

 as shown below: 



96348-f-800 



8|00|963|48 



7864-=-60 



6|0|786|4 



Proofs for Division. (1) For proof by "cast- 

 ing out 9's," see DIVISIBILITY OF NUMBERS, sub- 

 head Casting out 9's. 



(2) Product of divisor and quotient plus 

 remainder (if there is one) will equal dividend 

 if problem is correct. 



Partition and Division. See FRACTIONS. 



Suggestions for Sources of Problems. From 

 the following, home problems can easily be 

 suggested, based on actual conditions: 



(1) Yearly rent to find rent per month. 



(2) Monthly or weekly salary to find average 

 salary per day. 



(3) Monthly expenses for food, for clothes, 

 for amusement, etc., to find average expendi- 

 ture per day. 



(4) Amount of corn, wheat, etc., raised on 

 a certain number of acres, to find average yield 

 per acre. 



(5) Expenses for fertilization, seed work, etc., 

 on a certain number of acres, to find the aver- 

 age expense per acre. 



(6) Cost of city lot of 35 feet, 50 feet, etc., 

 to find price per front foot. 



(7) Cost of a farm of 160 acres, 252 acres, 

 etc., to find cost per acre. 



Sources for Problems in Newspapers, Mag- 

 azines, etc. (1) Exports of grain, lumber, etc., 

 for a number of years, to find yearly average. 



(2) Number of bushels in yield from given 

 number of acres to find average, and from that 

 to find gain or loss in average yield per acre, 

 through the given years. 



(3) Population and area of countries or 

 states given to find the density of population; 

 that is, to find the number of persons to each 

 square mile. 



(4) Wealth of a city or nation, and the pop- 

 ulation given to find the average wealth of the 

 individual. 



(5) The tax of a city given and the popula- 

 tion known to find the average tax per indi- 

 vidual. 



The teacher or parent who learns to look for 

 arithmetical problems in his every-day reading, 

 will find much material of the kind indicated 

 above. The child may be led to become awake 

 to problems in his reading and may be encour- 

 aged to bring those real problems from the 

 world about him into his school work and his 

 home work in arithmetic. A.H. 



DIVORCE, divohrs', in law, is the dissolu- 

 tion of the marriage relation. Marriage, being 

 a legal relation between a man and a woman, 

 and not a mere contract, can be dissolved 

 only by lawful authority, as after the relation 

 is once formed the law holds the parties to 

 various obligations and duties. It originates 

 in the consent of the parties, but after once 

 entered upon can be terminated only by the 

 death of the husband or wife, unless sooner 

 ended by the courts under general laws. Juris- 

 diction in divorce cases in the United States is 

 usually conferred on the law courts by the 

 statutes of the different states. In England 

 previous to 1858 divorces could be granted only 

 by an act of Parliament, but in that year cer- 

 tain courts were vested with limited power to 

 grant divorce. 



Causes for Divorce. In society of the early 

 day the husband was given the right to re- 

 pudiate his wife at pleasure or for slight cause, 

 but with the improvement of moral and re- 

 ligious codes the divorce laws have now become 

 more stringent. Among the causes for which 

 divorces are generally granted are unfaithful- 

 ness; cruelty; wilful. desertion for periods vary- 

 ing from one to three years; habitual drunken- 

 ness; failure to support; imprisonment for fel- 

 ony; gross immorality, and incompatibility of 

 temperament. Under the laws of the Roman 

 Catholic Church divorce is never permitted, 

 as marriage is regarded as a sacrament and its 

 clergy will not perform the ceremony for di- 

 vorced persons, except by special dispensation. 



