DOLDRUMS 



1831 



DOLLS 



province of Quebec, and served as captain of 

 the sixty-fifth battalion during the Kiel Re- 

 bellion in 1885. He was appointed professor 

 of civil and international law at McGill Uni- 

 versity in 1890, and retained this position for 

 more than twenty years. He was elected as 

 a Conservative to the Dominion House of 

 Commons in 1908, and in 1911 was made Min- 

 ister of Justice in the Borden Cabinet. 



DOL' DRUMS. On the ocean near the equa- 

 tor are localities where alternating calms, 

 squalls, and dry, baffling winds make it diffi- 

 cult to navigate a boat. Sailors fear and avoid 

 these places, so far as possible, calling them 

 the doldrums, meaning dullness. They seem to 

 move north in July and south in January, hav- 

 ing clouds, caused by the trade winds, hanging 

 over them. It was not until the publication 

 of complete charts of the ocean that vessels 

 were able successfully to steer away from the 

 glassy surface of the ocean in these parts. 



Applied to persons, to be in the doldrums 

 infers a condition of listlessness. 



For a list of winds under varying names, see 

 the article WIND, in Volume VIII. 



DOLE, dohl, NATHAN HASKELL (1852- ), 

 an American author who has won distinction 

 as an editor, translator and writer of both 

 prose and poetry. After his graduation from 

 Harvard College in 1874 he taught for several 

 years, and in 1881 became musical and literary 

 editor of the Philadelphia Press. Later he 

 acted as literary adviser of publishing houses 

 in New York. Dole's original works include 

 Famous Composers; The Hawthorne Tree, 

 and Other Poems; Joseph Jefferson at Home; 

 Alaska; Life of Count Tolstoi, and The Spell 

 of Switzerland. Among his translations are 

 Tolstoi's Anna Karenina, Daudet's Tartarin on 

 the Alps, Verga's Cavalleria Rusticana, Mem- 

 oirs of Baroness von Suttner, and hundreds 

 of songs from various languages. He has also 

 edited many collections of prose and verse, 

 including Tolstoi's works and a comprehensive 

 edition of The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam. 



DOLE, SANFORD BALLARD (1844- ), an 

 Hawaiian statesman who has held many promi- 

 nent offices in the former republic and present 

 territory of Hawaii. He was born at Honolulu, 

 of American parentage, and was educated at 

 Williams College (Mass.). He was admitted 

 to the bar in Boston; returning to Hawaii, he 

 was made judge of the Supreme Court in 1887. 

 After the revolution of 1893 which deposed 

 the queen, he became President of the pro- 

 visional government and in the following year 



was chosen President of the republic of Hawaii. 

 Largely through his influence as a strong ad- 

 vocate of the annexation of Hawaii to the 

 United States, the islands were converted into 

 a territory, and he became its governor in 

 1900. Resigning in 1903, he was appointed 

 United States district judge of the territory. 

 See HAWAII. 



DOL'LAR. In the United States and Can- 

 ada the silver or gold coin whose value is 100 

 cents is called a dollar. In 1792 the Coinage 

 Act was passed which established the dollar 

 as the basis of the American monetary sys- 

 tem. This was copied after the Spanish dol- 

 lar then in circulation among the colonies, but 

 the name is derived from the Dutch dalcr or 

 German thaler. The first United States silver 

 dollars were made in 1794 and continued to be 

 coined until 1905. These are still largely cir- 

 culated in the western part of the country, but 

 people in the East object to their weight, and 

 demand paper dollars, whose value is guaran- 

 teed. By an Act passed on March 14, 1900, the 

 gold dollar, weighing 25.8 grains, nine-tenths 

 pure gold, was made the standard dollar in the 

 United States, but no provision was made for 

 coining it. See MONEY; COINAGE. 



DOLLS, PAPER. Happy is the little girl 

 who has a pair of scissors, a few pieces of col- 

 ored papers and ten nimble fingers, for with 

 these tools and materials she can spend many 

 delightful hours. She need not depend upon 

 the sets of paper dolls sold in the toy shops, 

 for out of plain white paper she can cut her 

 own dolls, and out of colored papers she can 

 plan and make most interesting costumes. 



Fig. 1 shows a 4%"x6" piece of cream-col- 

 ored paper, folded in the middle. (The symbol 

 (") stands for inches.) It will be best to prac- 

 tice on bits of folded newspaper until you can 

 cut the half-shape of a doll to look like Fig. 2. 

 The doll shape, when unfolded, should look 

 like Fig. 3. With a lead pencil, draw care- 

 fully the eyes, nose and mouth, copying from 

 Fig. 3. The shape of the hair can be cut from 

 light or dark brown paper (Fig. 4) and pasted 

 in place. Dolly is now ready to be dressed. 



From your sheets of colored paper, choose 

 the material for a dress. Shall it be blue, 

 brown or white? Fig. 5 shows a piece of blue 

 paper cut 3"\6 l /b". It is folded in the mid- 

 dle, as both sides of this first little dress are 

 to be alike. Fig. 6 shows the shape of the 

 neck cut out from the folded edge and one of 

 the folded corners snipped off. Fig. 7 shows 

 the little dress completed. 



