DOVER 



1847 



DOVER 



tures representing the end of warfare or the 

 triumph of the principles of peace. 



DO'VER, an English seaport, sixty-seven 

 miles southeast of London, on the northern 

 shore of the Strait of Dover. It is beautifully 

 situated, backed by the famous "white cliffs 

 of Dover." On the cliffs to the east of the 



CITY AND STRAIT OF DOVER 



% 



town stands a castle, founded during the ancient 

 Roman occupation of Britain, and now strongly 

 garrisoned. Stairs tunneled in the cliffs lead 

 from the shore to the fortifications, the road 

 for wheeled traffic taking a long, winding course 

 to the top of the cliffs, 350 feet in height. The 

 harbor is protected by a pier a half mile in 

 length. Calais, the nearest French port, is 

 only twenty-one miles distant, and the fast 

 mail boats accomplish the passage across the 

 strait in slightly over one hour; for this reason 

 Dover is the most important center of traffic 

 with France. It is not a manufacturing town, 

 but conducts a large miscellaneous trade with 

 Belgium, Holland, France and other European 

 countries. Population in 1911, 43,645. See 

 illustration of cliffs, in article ENGLAND. 



Strait of Dover, a narrow channel connecting 

 the Atlantic Ocean with the English Channel 

 and separating England from France at their 

 nearest points. It is very shallow, averaging 

 less than 100 feet in depth. The passage from 

 Dover to the French port of Calais, the nearest 

 English and French shores, is greatly dreaded, 

 as the sea is usually rough, and violent storms 

 are frequent. For many years the chief ambi- 

 tion of noted British swimmers was to swim 

 the Channel. The feat was first accomplished 

 in 1875 by Captain Webb, who was in the water 

 for twenty-one and a half hours. A plan for 

 connecting England and France by a tunnel 

 beneath the strait has been repeatedly pre- 

 sented to the two governments but has always 

 been opposed, chiefly for military reasons. As 

 an engineering project it would not be a diffi- 

 cult undertaking. 



DOVER, DEL., the capital of the state and 

 the county seat of Kent County. It is on the 



Saint Jones Creek, near the geographical cen- 

 ter of the state and about nine miles from the 

 coast. Wilmington is forty-eight miles north. 

 Transportation is provided by the Pennsyl- 

 vania Lines (Delaware division). The place 

 was settled as early as 1717. In 1777 it super- 

 seded New Castle as the capital of the state, 

 and in 1829 was incorporated as a town. In 

 1916 the population was 3,720. 



Dover is built on high ground and has wide 

 streets crossing each other at right angles. 

 Most of the buildings are constructed of brick, 

 the most prominent being the capitol, built 

 more than 200 years ago, the courthouse and 

 the Federal building. There are also two very 

 old churches, Christ Church (Protestant Epis- 

 copal) and the Presbyterian. Besides the pub- 

 lic schools, the city has the Wilmington Con- 

 ference Academy and the State College for 

 colored students, the state library, containing 

 about 50,000 volumes, and a public library. 

 Dover was the birthplace of Caesar Rodney, 

 an American patriot, and his home and a moBu- 

 ment erected to his memory are features of 

 interest. The surrounding country produces 

 an abundance of small fruits, and the people 

 of the city are largely engaged in canning 

 fruit, vegetables and meat, especially poultry. 

 The making of baskets and crates is a related 

 industry. 



DOVER, N. H., the oldest city in the state 

 and the county seat of Strafford County. It 

 is situated in the southeastern part of the 

 state, at the head of navigation of the Cocheco 

 River, where it meets the waters of the Bel- 

 lamy River. Portsmouth is eleven miles south- 

 east. Three railway lines serve the city the 

 Boston & Maine, the Dover & Lakeport and 

 the Portsmouth & Dover; street railway lines 

 communicate with cities north and east. In 

 1916 the population was 13,272, about the same 

 as in 1910. The area exceeds twenty-six square 

 miles. 



Dover is a manufacturing city, largely en- 

 gaged in making cotton and woolen cloth, 

 boots, shoes, machinery and printing presses; 

 the extensive print works have an output of 

 30,000,000 yards annually. Within the city's 

 limits the Cocheco River has a direct fall of 

 thirty feet, and its water power is utilized by 

 the manufacturing plants. There are many 

 handsome buildings, the most notable being a 

 $100,000 Federal building, a $225,000 city hall, 

 a public library with over 34,000 volumes, 

 jointly provided by the city and Andrew Car- 

 negie, Wentworth Hospital and the Woodmen 



