DOW 



1848 



DOYLE 



Art Institute. The Strafford Bank is said to 

 be the oldest savings institution in the state. 



Dover was settled in 1623, and named for 

 Dover, England. In 1641 it passed under the 

 jurisdiction of Massachusetts, and so remained 

 for fifty years. A city charter was granted in 

 1855. In the spring of 1896 a flood washed 

 away several bridges, but they have been re- 

 placed by modern structures. 



DOW, dou, NEAL (1804-1897), a Quaker tem- 

 perance reformer, born in Portland, Me., known 

 as the "father of the Maine law," and one of 

 the most effective temperance advocates in 

 American history. He was educated at the 

 Friends' School in New Bedford, Mass., sub- 

 sequently becoming a merchant and rising to a 

 high position in the business and political life 

 of his native city. The temperance question, 

 however, was his chief interest, and he was 

 an ardent champion of the prohibition of the 

 manufacture and sale of intoxicating drinks. 

 In 1851, the same year that he drafted Maine's 

 famous prohibitory law, he was elected mayor 

 of Portland and was reflected in 1855. In 1858 

 he served in the state legislature. Early in the 

 War of Secession he became colonel of the 

 13th Volunteer Infantry and was commissioned 

 brigadier-general of volunteers in 1862. In the 

 attack on Port Hudson he was twice wounded, 

 was taken prisoner, and spent eight months in 

 Libby Prison. At the close of the war he 

 traveled in the United States, Canada and 

 Great Britain, organizing prohibition leagues, 

 and through his efforts the prohibition amend- 

 ment was added in 1884 to the Maine constitu- 

 tion. The National Prohibition party made 

 him its candidate for President in 1880. 



DOW 'DEN, EDWARD (1843-1913), an English 

 educator and literary critic, one of the most 

 distinguished of modern Shakespearean schol- 

 ars. He was born in Cork, Ireland, and was 

 educated at Trinity College, Dublin, where he 

 began teaching oratory when he was twenty- 

 four years of age. Later he was appointed 

 professor of English literature in the college, a 

 position which he held until his death. His 

 scholarly Shakespeare: His Mind and Art, 

 which was published in 1875, gave him a repu- 

 tation that was fully sustained by succeeding 

 volumes of literary biography, criticism and 

 history. Notable among these are The Shake- 

 speare Primer, a treasure-house of information 

 in concise form; New Studies in Literature; a 

 Life of Shettey; Introduction to Shakespeare, 

 and A History of French Literature. He also 

 edited Shakespeare's sonnets and several of his 



plays, and the poetical works of Shelley, 

 Wordsworth and Southey. 



DOW 'IE, JOHN ALEXANDER (1847-1907), a 

 religious organizer and teacher, who had a 

 remarkable career in America as the founder of 

 a church based on his doctrine of healing by 

 faith. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, 

 began his religious work as pastor of Congre- 

 gationalist churches in Sydney, Australia, and 

 later took up evangelistic work because of his 

 conviction that it was wrong for a minister to 

 accept a salary. About 1882, when he estab- 

 lished a tabernacle in Melbourne, he became 

 a convert to the doctrine that bodily ills should 

 be healed by the "prayer of faith." Six years 

 later he emigrated to the United States to 

 organize a church which should be founded on 

 his beliefs. , 



Establishing himself in Chicago, he gained 

 thousands of followers, and by 1896 his Chris- 

 tian Catholic Church had become widely 

 known. In 1901 he moved its headquarters to 

 Zion City, forty-two miles north of Chicago, a 

 community founded on the prairie, which at 

 once grew to a town of several thousand peo- 

 ple. In that city he established a publishing 

 house, a bank, a college, many charitable insti- 

 tutions and various industrial works, famous 

 among which is a great lace factory now owned 

 by Marshall Field & Company. Over all of 

 these enterprises, and over the conduct of his 

 people, Dowie exercised the power of a dic- 

 tator. He forbade many things commonly 

 practiced elsewhere; for example, he denied 

 men the right to smoke within the city limits, 

 and he decreed that no one might dance or play 

 cards. When, in 1906, a revolt of his followers 

 deposed him, he was planning to extend the 

 influence of his Church throughout the world. 

 Previously he had announced himself as Elijah 

 II. A year after his fall from leadership he 

 died. Wilbur Glenn Voliva succeeded him in 

 the post of chief authority. 



DOYLE, doil, SIR ARTHUR CONAN (1859- 

 ), a British novelist who created one of the 

 most widely-known characters in modern Eng- 

 lish fiction the fascinating detective, Sherlock 

 Holmes. The stories in which he appears 

 A Study in Scarlet, The Adventures of Sherlock 

 Holmes, The Hound of the Baskervilles and 

 others are more than ingenious detective tales, 

 for they show the author's humor, insight into 

 character and sense of the dramatic, and at 

 times are enveloped in an atmosphere of hor- 

 ror and mystery that is suggestive of Edgar 

 Allan Poe. 



