DU BOIS 



1871 



DUBUQUE 



patriot O'Connell. The older portion of the 

 city has narrow, dirty streets, but the more 

 modern parts are well built and contain many 

 fine thoroughfares. Sackville Street is one of 

 the broadest streets in the British Isles, with 

 a width of 120 feet. The banks of the Liffey 

 are lined with well-built granite docks for a 

 distance of two miles from the sea, and ships 

 drawing twenty-three feet of water can enter at 

 low water. 



The castle, the official residence of the vice- 

 roy, is an imposing building, and there are 

 many fine modern buildings in the business 

 section of the city. The old home of the 

 Irish Parliament is now the Bank of -Ireland, 

 but will in all probability again become the 

 seat of an Irish legislature (see HOME RULE). 

 Dublin is noted for its squares, and in Phoenix 

 Park possesses one of the most beautiful parks 

 in Europe. Although not a manufacturing 

 center, the city has important industries and 

 carries on an extensive trade. Stout and 

 whiskey are the principal products, but a large 

 quantity of the celebrated Irish poplin is 

 manufactured. Swift, Steele and Sheridan were 

 all natives of Dublin, and were buried in the 

 beautiful cemetery of Glasnevin, on the banks 

 of the Liffey. There also lie the remains of 

 Charles Parnell, for many years leader of the 

 Irish political party in the British Parliament. 



Dublin is a city of great age; it was a place 

 of importance before the Christian Era. The 

 Danes captured it in the ninth century and 

 held it until driven out by Henry II (1133- 

 1189). Population in 1911, 403,030. 



Dublin University, the foremost, and for 

 centuries the only, university in Ireland. It is 

 generally known as Trinity College, being both 

 college and university. First established in 

 1320, it was abandoned for want of support. 

 In 1591 it was incorporated as the "College of 

 the Holy and Undivided Trinity." Entrance 

 to its classes is obtained by examination, and 

 degrees are conferred on all graduate students. 



DUBOIS, doo hois', PA., a borough in 

 Clearfield County, west of the center of the 

 state, 129 miles northeast of Pittsburgh. It 

 is on the Buffalo & Susqueranna, the Buffalo, 

 Rochester & Pittsburgh and the New York 

 Central railroads, and is also served by electric 

 interurban lines. Coal mining is the leading in- 

 dustry, and the borough also contains glass and 

 clay works, blast furnaces, refining works, ex- 

 tensive railroad repair and construction shops, 

 a foundry, a tannery and an ice-cream factory. 

 Du Bois was settled in 1873 and was incorpo- 



rated as a borough in 1881. It has a general 

 hospital. In 1910 the population was 12,623; 

 in 1916 it was 14,665. The area is about three 

 square miles. 



DUBUQUE, doobuque', IOWA, popularly 

 called the Key City, the oldest city of the 

 state and the county seat of Dubuque County, 

 is situated in the northeastern part of the state, 

 on the Mississippi River. Chicago is 172 miles 

 slightly southeast, DesMoines, the state capi- 

 tal, is 206 miles southwest, Saint Paul is 252 

 miles north and Omaha is 337 miles southwest. 

 By water, Clinton is eighty miles south. Trans- 

 portation is provided by the Illinois Central, 

 constructed to the city in 1859; the Chicago, 

 Milwaukee & Saint Paul, built to this point 

 in 1875; the Chicago Great Western (1884), 

 and the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy (1886). 

 The city is also a port of call for packet lines 

 operating between Saint Louis and Saint Paul, 

 but water transportation is not important. The 

 river is spanned by three bridges, the north 

 bridge touching the shores of Wisconsin. The 

 population increased from 38,540 in 1910 to 

 39,873 in 1916. 



Dubuque has a picturesque location within 

 a crescent of bluffs about 300 feet above the 

 river; at the foot of these bluffs lies the busi- 

 ness district. Several cable roads and a wind- 

 ing street railway lead to the upper section of 

 the city and to Eagle Point Park, a family re- 

 sort of 120 acres at the northern end of the 

 crescent. 



Industry and Commerce. The city is the 

 center of the lead and zinc region that extends 

 into Iowa, Wisconsin and Illinois, and it con- 

 tains extensive zinc works. Of its 175 indus- 

 trial establishments the most noted is a manu- 

 factory where steel-hulled vessels, including 

 government torpedoes, revenue cutters, trans- 

 ports, barges and many giant steamers of in- 

 land waterways, are built. Two of the law^t 

 sash and door factories in the world are lo- 

 cated here, and another immense plant is de- 

 voted to the manufacture of cabinets. There 

 are in addition important manufactories of 

 agricultural implements, boots, shoes, lumber, 

 wagons, carriages, flour, foundry products, malt 

 liquors and pearl buttons; the machine shops 

 of the Chicago. Milwaukee & Saint Paul Rail- 

 way also operate here. 



Institutions and Buildings. Since the pop- 

 ulation is largely Roman Catholic, the city has 

 many Roman Catholic institutions of learning. 

 About half the primary schools of the city are 

 parochial schools. Dubuque College (includ- 



