DUNBAR 



1880 



DUNDEE 



DUMB-BELLS 



In practicing with them a person holds a 

 dumb-bell by the bar in each hand and follows 

 a regular system 

 of gymnastic ex- 

 ercises. Ordinary 

 dumb-bells weigh 

 from one to five 

 pounds each, but 

 in trials of 

 strength very 

 heavy ones are 

 used . In the 

 reign of Elizabeth 

 dumb-bells were 

 first made in their present form, but in the 

 early Grecian games weights, called halteres, 

 which were similar, were thrown by the quoit 

 players. 



DUN 'BAR, PAUL LAURENCE (1872-1906), an 

 American negro poet, of pure African blood. 

 He was the first of his race to express in poetry 

 of a high order the characteristics and feelings 

 of the American negro, but he died before his 

 unusual powers were fully developed. His 

 refined and delicate art is best represented by 

 his dialect poems, in which his gift of sym- 

 pathy, insight into the mind and heart of the 

 negro and sense of humor find expression in 

 simple and picturesque language. He was 

 born in Dayton, Ohio, of parents who had 

 both been slaves. The boy was given a high 

 school education and began his literary work 

 as a journalist in New York City. For a time 

 he was on the staff of the Library of Congress 

 at Washington, D. C. His collected poems are 

 published under such titles as Oak and Ivy, 

 Lyrics of Lowly Life, Candle-Lightin' Time, 

 Li'l Gal and Joggin' Erlong. Among his prose 

 writings are a volume of short stories, Folks 

 from Dixie, and a novel, The Uncalled. 



DUN'CAN, NORMAN (1871-1916), a Canadian 

 novelist and educator, known for his sym- 

 pathetic sketches of life among the fishermen 

 of Newfoundland and Labrador. He was born 

 at Brantford, Ontario, and was graduated from 

 the University of Toronto in 1895. After work- 

 ing on a New York newspaper for several years, 

 he was in turn professor of rhetoric at Wash- 

 ington and Jefferson College, special corre- 

 spondent in Asia Minor and Egypt for Harper's 

 Magazine, and then professor of English litera- 

 ture at the University of Kansas. In the 

 meantime he had won considerable favor with 

 the reading public with his stories of Labrador, 

 including Doctor Luke of the Labrador; Dr. 

 Grenfell's Parish and The Way of the Sea. 



Among his later works should be mentioned 

 The Cruise of the Shining Light; The Adven- 

 tures of Billy Topsail; Billy Topsail & Com- 

 pany; The Measure of a Man; A God in 

 Israel; The Bird-Store Man; and Australian 

 Byways. In 1912 Pittsburgh University granted 

 him the degree of Litt. D. G.H.L. 



DUN COMMERCIAL AGENCY. See COM- 

 MERCIAL AGENCIES. 



DUNDAS', a town in Wentworth County, 

 Ontario, is five miles west of Hamilton, fifteen 

 miles east of Brantford and forty-five miles 

 southwest of Toronto. It lies in a pretty valley 

 between two escarpments, or heights of land. 

 The Toronto, Hamilton & Buffalo and Grand 

 Trunk railways run through Dundas, and 

 freight is also transferred over electric inter- 

 urban lines to the Canadian Pacific and Mich- 

 igan Central railways at Hamilton. Population 

 in 1911, 4,299; in 1916, 4,652. 



In the early days Dundas was known as the 

 "Head of the Lakes," and a large part of the 

 trade of Northern and Western Ontario was 

 carried on through the town. The Desjardins 

 Canal, now trafficless, though still extending to 

 Lake Ontario, was then a busy commercial 

 waterway. With the advent of the railway, 

 however, the water trade gradually passed to 

 other cities more favorably located, and Dun- 

 das, with an abundance of water power, became 

 primarily a manufacturing community. Ma- 

 chine tools are the product of the largest estab- 

 lishment in the town, and leather, gloves, bas- 

 kets, clothing, yarns and knitted goods, church 

 and school furniture and gasoline engines are 

 also important. Dundas was founded in 1801, 

 and was incorporated as a town in 1847. It 

 was named for Henry Dundas, Viscount Mel- 

 ville (1742-1811), a British statesman who was 

 a conspicuous supporter of Lord North's pol- 

 icy toward the American colonies. C.E.D. 



DUNDEE', a seaport in Forfarshire, Scot- 

 land, often spoken of as the GRANITE CITY, on 

 account of the granite of which it is built and 

 which is extensively quarried in the vicinity. 

 The name is a corruption of the Gaelic Dun- 

 taw, meaning the fort on the Tay. The city 

 is situated on the north shore of the River 

 Tay, ten miles from the sea and fifty miles 

 northeast of Edinburgh. It is well laid out, 

 with broad streets and a splendid esplanade 

 along the river bank. Dundee is the center of 

 the British jute trade and also produces more 

 linen goods than any other town in Scotland. 

 Shipbuilding and engineering are important 

 industries. Until recent years Dundee sent 



