ECUADOR 



1919 



ECUADOR 



Related Subject*. For the guidance of those 

 who wish to review or study the entire range of 

 economics there are presented below, in alpha- 

 betical order, all the topics relating to the sub- 

 ject which are discussed in these volumes : 



Annuity 



Bimetallism 



Blacklist 



Bounty 



Boycott 



Budget 



Capital 



Collective Bargaining 



Communism 



Conservation 



Consumption 



Cooperation 



Corn Laws 



Corporation 



Credit 



Customs Duties 



Debt 



Eight-Hour Day 



Embargo 



Emigration 



Employers' Liability 



Factory and Factory 



System 

 Famine 

 Free Trade 

 George, Henry 



Gresham's Law 

 Income Tax 

 Inheritance and In- 

 heritance Tax 

 Interest 



Labor. Division of 

 Labor Organizations 

 Minimum Wage 

 Money 



Mothers' Pensions 

 National Debt 

 Old Age Pensions 

 Open Shop 

 Pauperism 

 Pension 

 Peonage 

 Population 

 Profit 

 Protection 



Rebate 



Reciprocity 



Rent 



Single Tax 



Socialism 



Statistics 



Strike 



Supply and Demand 



Sweatshop System 



Syndicalism 



Tariff 



Tax 



Tenement 



Trusts 



Usury 



Value 



Wealth 



THE STORY OF ECUADOR 



CUADOR, ek'wadawr, a centralized 

 republic in the northwestern part of South 

 America. In shape it is a triangle, with its 

 base on the Pacific Ocean. Its name, which 

 was once Quito, is now the Spanish form of 

 the word equator. The area of Ecuador has 

 been estimated at about 116,000 square miles 

 of mainland and 2,400 of islands, a total of 

 118,400 square miles. It is therefore about 

 twice as large as Georgia or a little less than 

 half the size of the province of Saskatchewan. 



Ecuador is unusual among tropical countries 

 for the reason that, while it lies directly across 

 the equator, it is habitable by white people 

 because of its elevation. Other lands crossed 

 by that line are generally unsuited to be the 

 homes of the white man; but the table-lands 

 of Ecuador enjoy the delight of never-ending 

 spring. 



The islands (Galapagos) possess a peculiar 

 interest for the scientific world, because of the 

 voyage of the Beagle (1831-1836), which en- 

 abled Charles Darwin to "reveal a new world" 

 by his study of the native animal and vege- 

 table life, the species of which had become 

 multiplied through the separation of the islands 

 since their formation. This voyage has been 

 compared to that of Columbus, since it led to 



the discovery of the origin of species and revo- 

 lutionized the science of the world. 



The People and Their Cities. Of the popu- 

 lation of Ecua- 

 dor, estimated at 

 1,500,000, the 

 white people and 

 the metizos (per- 

 sons of mixed 

 blood) constitute 

 scarcely more 

 than a quarter, 

 fewerthan500,000. 

 When we speak 

 of the great ma- 

 jority in that 

 country as "In- 

 dians," we must 



divest ourselves 

 of the idea of 



LOCATION MAP 



Showing the position of the 



j ., i republic, und the proportion 

 wandering tribes of ' tne continent occupied 



of barbarians. At *>>' '*. 



the time of the Spanish conquest four cen- 

 turies ago, the country was highly civilized on 

 the Inca plan, though it had little in common 

 with European civilization. See IXCA. 



The aboriginal people of Ecuador were in- 

 dustrious and orderly, and their descendants to- 



