ECZEMA 



1922 



EDDY 



eminent to his elected successor, Alfredo Mo- 

 reno, in 1916. 



Other Items of Interest. Though Ecuador 

 as a republic is over eighty years old, it has 

 never had a general census. 



The interest of the national government in 

 education may be seen from the fact that 

 about twelve per cent of the annual budget 

 is devoted to educational purposes. 



Among the countries of the world, only the 

 Gold Coast, in Africa, produces more cocoa. 



The Andes region is far from stable; it has 

 been estimated that Quito and the surround- 

 ing territory sank twenty-six feet during the 

 nineteenth century. 



Quito, the capital, is known as "the City of 

 Eternal Spring," and it deserves the name. 



Chimborazo has no fewer than eleven true 

 glaciers, some of them very large. 



One of the most interesting of the mountains 

 of Ecuador is the volcano Pichincha, which is 

 situated not far from Quito. Some of its erup- 

 tions have been most destructive to the cap- 

 ital city, but the last one broke down the 

 western wall of the crater, and it is believed 

 that this will save Quito in case of further 

 eruption. 



The present constitution of Ecuador dates 

 from 1906. It places the executive power in 

 the hands of a President who is elected for a 

 term of four years by the direct vote of the 

 people. He may not succeed himself. H.M.S. 



Consult monthly bulletins of the Pan-American 

 Union, Washington, D. C., obtainable on applica- 

 tion ; Enoch's Ecuador. 



Related Subjects. The following articles in 

 these volumes will be helpful to the reader who 

 is interested in Ecuador : 

 Andes Galapagos 



Chimborazo Guayaquil 



Chocolate Ivory Palm 



Cocoa Quito 



Coffee Rubber and Rubber 



Cotopaxi Manufacture 



ECZEMA, ek'zema, one of the commonest 

 skin diseases, which includes from one-third to 

 one-half of all cutaneous affections. It is char- 

 acterized by intense itching and an oozing of 

 serum which forms crusts and scales. It may 

 be acute or chronic in its course. The exter- 

 nal causes of eczema are acids and poisons and 

 animal and vegetable parasites. The internal 

 causes are mainly scrofula, gout, wrong diet 

 and the use of alcoholic beverages. Eczema 

 is sometimes called salt rheum, from an old 

 belief that it is a humor of the blood. Treat- 

 ment of eczema should be both external and 



internal, but only under care of a physician. 

 Treatment without the watchfulness of the 

 doctor may multiply its dangers. W.A.E. 



EDDA, ed 1 ah, a title applied to two ancient 

 works in Scandinavian literature, known as 

 the Elder, or Poetical, Edda, and the Younger, 

 or Prose, Edda. The first of these, ascribed to 

 Saemund the Wise, was compiled some time 

 between the tenth and the thirteenth cen- 

 turies, and consists of thirty-three songs, which 

 treat of the Scandinavian gods and heroes. 

 The Prose Edda is ascribed to the Norse his- 

 torian and politician, Snorri Sturluson, who 

 flourished in the first half of the thirteenth 

 century. It treats of the mythology of the 

 North and of the versification and modes of 

 composition of the skalds, or ancient poets. 

 It was intended to serve as a guide to young 

 poets, and was first published in the seven- 

 teenth century. 



EDDY, cd'i, CLARENCE (1851- ), an 

 American concert organist of the present time. 

 His repertoire comprises practically everything 

 that has been written for the organ, to which 

 he gives a masterly interpretation, as well as 

 hundreds of manuscripts which have been dedi- 

 cated to him. His organ collections are used 

 extensively throughout the world, and his com- 

 positions are also renowned. He is a native 

 of Greenfield, Mass., and was educated in 

 America and in Germany. After a successful 

 concert tour in Germany, Austria, Switzerland 

 and Holland, he returned to America and 

 located in Chicago, becoming organist suc- 

 cessively in several of the foremost churches. 

 Mr. Eddy's ability both as artist and com- 

 poser has been recognized by European critics. 



EDDY, ed'i, MARY BAKER (1821-1910), the 

 discoverer of Christian Science and the founder 

 of the Christian Science Church. She was born 

 at Bow, near Concord, N. H., and was edu- 

 cated in the public schools, at Sanbornton 

 (N. H.) Academy and by private teachers. 

 She was of a religious nature, and at an early 

 age was admitted to membership in the Con- 

 gregational Church, in spite of her inability 

 to subscribe to some of its doctrines. This 

 membership was retained until she founded 

 her own Church. 



In 1843 she married George W. Glover, who 

 took her to Charleston, S. C. He died about 

 a year later, and she returned to the home of 

 her parents practically without means; as a 

 matter of conviction she had liberated the 

 slaves her husband had held. Here a son, 

 George W. Glover, was born. As she was in 



