EDWARD 



1958 



EDWARDS 



pie. To them were born six children: Prince 

 Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence, who died in 

 1892; Prince George Frederick, who succeeded 

 his father in 1910 as George V; Princess Louisa 

 Victoria, after her marriage, the Duchess of 

 Fife; Princess Victoria Alexandra; Princess 

 Maude Charlotte, who married Prince Charles 

 of Denmark; and Prince Alexander John, who 

 died the day following his birth. 



During the long period of Queen Victoria's 

 widowhood and partial retirement, the Prince 

 represented his mother both in society and at 

 countless public gatherings, everywhere win- 

 ning popularity by reason of his tact and good 

 judgment. He was an enthusiastic patron of 

 art and science, and kept up a friendly interest 

 in various charitable enterprises, but especially 

 did he win the affection of his future subjects 

 by his activity as a sportsman. None of the 

 English country gentlemen of his time culti- 

 vated more eagerly than he yachting, horse 

 racing and the other popular British sports. 



On his accession to the throne in 1901, he 

 assumed the name Edward VII. In 1902 and 

 again in 1904 he visited Ireland, holding court 

 at Dublin and being received with great en- 

 thusiasm by his Irish subjects. During his reign 

 King Edward was untiring in his efforts to 

 promote cordial relations between Great Brit- 

 ain and the other nations and was influential 

 in the negotiation of treaties with Japan, 

 France, Italy and Russia. His pleasing person- 

 ality and gracious manners were turned to 

 good account in important state visits to the 

 rulers of Germany, Russia and France, and 

 his influence in maintaining European harmony 

 was such that he was generally known as the 

 "Peacemaker." He died suddenly on May 

 6, 1910. B.M.W. 



Related Subjects. The following articles in 

 these volumes will make more clear certain ref- 

 erences in the above article: 

 Articles' The Thirty- 



niue 



Bannockburn 

 Bruce, Robert 

 Coronation ( subhead 



Coronation Stone . 



EDWARD, known as THE BLACK PRINCE 

 (1330-1376), was the eldest son of King Ed- 

 ward III of England. He was called the Black 

 Prince because he chose black for his armor 

 when he led part of the English forces at the 

 great Battle of Crecy, on August 26, 1346, in- 

 France, when he was only sixteen (see CRECY). 



After the great Battle of Poitiers in 1356 he 

 took the French king prisoner, and the story 



Crgcy 



Crusades 



Hundred Years' War 



Prince of Wales 



Roses, Wars of the 



is told that he rode on a pony beside the cap- 

 tive, who was mounted on a fine white horse. 

 The Black Prince, who died before his father, 

 encouraged the woolen trade for England and 

 through his efforts was founded the woolen 

 trade at Yorkshire. His tomb with his black 

 armor hanging over it is to be seen in the 

 cathedral at Canterbury. 



EDWARD THE CONFES'SOR (1004-1066), 

 for twenty-four years a quiet, unassuming king 

 of England, and the founder of Westminster 

 Abbey (which see). After spending the early 

 part of his life in Normandy, Edward, who was 

 one of the sons of Ethelred the Unready, was 

 called to the throne at the death of his half- 

 brother Hardecanute. The Saxon line was 

 thus renewed, but for a long time Earl God- 

 wine, whose daughter Edward had married, 

 was 'the leading factor in the government. The 

 king cared little for political affairs, as he had 

 the qualities of a monk rather than of a king. 

 He favored the Normans to a great extent and 

 aroused the wrath of Earl Godwine's party, 

 for the Norman element continued to increase 

 in strength and power. William the Norman, 

 who became king when he conquered Edward's 

 successor, claimed that Edward left him the 

 kingdom of England in his will (see WILLIAM I, 

 THE CONQUEROR). Edward was canonized by 

 Pope Alexander III and given the title of 

 Confessor in 1161. 



EDWARDS, HARRY STILLWELL (1855- ), 

 an American author, best known for his stories 

 of life in the South. His Sons and Fathers at- 

 tracted wide attention, partially because of 

 its dramatic treatment of a certain vital phase 

 of heredity, but chiefly because it won over 

 eight hundred competitors a prize of $10,000 

 offered by the Chicago Record. Among his 

 other stories are The Marbeau Cousins, Fifth 

 Dimension and His Defense; and he also wrote 

 numerous poems and songs. 



Edwards was born at Macon, Ga., and has 

 always lived in the South, among the people 

 whose dialect he reproduces so skilfully in his 

 works. He studied law at Mercer University 

 in his native town, but did not practice, taking 

 up journalism instead. After serving as editor 

 of various Macon papers he became, in 1900, 

 postmaster of the city, and held that position 

 for thirteen years. In 1904 he attended the 

 Republican National Convention in Chicago 

 as delegate-at-large, and seconded on behalf 

 of the South the nomination of Roosevelt. 



EDWARDS, JONATHAN (1703-1758), an intel- 

 lectual leader among scholars and theologians 



