ELM 



2016 



ELM 



which organized the entire system of Federal 

 courts practically as they' exist to-day. In 

 1796 he was appointed Chief Justice of the 

 Supreme Court. This position he held for 

 three years, resigning to go to France with two 

 fellow commissioners to negotiate a new treaty. 



LEAVES AND SEED 



(a, a) Flower stem and detail of flower; (b, b) 

 seed body, with detail of same. *;' 



ELM, one of the "stately children of the 

 wood," a tree valued for lumber and for orna- 

 ment in America and Europe. The best-known 

 species are the American and the English elm. 



The most common form in which they grow is 

 the vase form, spreading out gradually from 

 the base; another is the umbrella form, a long 

 trunk branching out at the top much like a 

 feather duster. Both forms are illustrated in 

 accompanying drawings. In the spring the 

 tree is covered with purplish buds, then green- 

 ish flower clusters appear, followed soon by 

 winged seeds. In the summer the graceful 

 branches of pointed, oval, tooth-edged leaves 

 cast a welcome shade; and in the winter we 



UMBRELLA FORM 



Planted In Washington by the first President, 

 and still standing near the Capitol. 



VASE FORM 



know from the swinging, deserted nests that 

 the elm is the favorite tree of the oriole. 



The elm grows more rapidly than some other 

 trees the oak, for example and often attains 

 a height of seventy-five to 125 feet. Individual 

 specimens known to be 200 years old are yet 

 alive. The tough, hard, light-brown wood, so 

 difficult to split, is valued for the manufacture 

 of boats, barrels, wagon wheels and farm imple- 

 ments, and also for fuel. The outer bark of 



