EVARTS 



2100 



EVERETT 



Other liquids, such as ether, ammonia and 

 alcohol, evaporate more rapidly than water, 

 leaving their surfaces very cold. It is on this 

 principle that ammonia is used in cold storage 

 plants (see COLD STORAGE). C.R.M. 



EVARTS, cv'arts, WILLIAM MAXWELL (1818- 

 1901), an American statesman, lawyer and ora- 

 tor of high rank. He was graduated at Yale 

 in 1837, studied law at Harvard, and was ad- 

 mitted to the bar in New York City in 1841. 

 From July, 1868, until March, 1869, he was 

 Attorney-General of the United States; in 

 1872, counsel for the United States in the 

 Alabama claims arbitration. Previously he had 

 won a high reputation as chief counsel for 

 President Johnson in his impeachment trial. 

 During President Hayes's administration he was 

 Secretary of State. Evarts was elected to the 

 United States Senate from New York in 1885 

 and served until 1891, when he retired to 

 private life. 



EVENING SCHOOLS. See SCHOOLS, subtitle 

 Public Schools. 



EVENING STAR, HESPERUS, or VESPER, the 

 name given- to the planet Venus, which ap- 

 pears as the first star of evening when it is 

 on the east of the sun and as the last star of 

 the morning when it is on the west. When 

 Venus becomes the morning star its position 

 as evening star is occupied in turn by Mars, 

 Jupiter and Saturn. The -term evening star is 

 now popularly and vaguely applied to any 

 bright planet showing above the horizon early 

 in the evening. 



VIEWING THE SUMMIT OF EVEREST 



EVEREST, MOUNT, the highest peak in the 

 world, in the Himalaya range on the frontiers 

 of Tibet and Nepal, north of British India. 

 It rises to a height of 29,002 feet above sea 



level, a distance of approximately five and a 

 half miles. The mountain has no distinctive 

 native name, but it received the present name 

 in honor of Sir George Everest, surveyor-gen- 

 eral of India, who ascertained its height in 

 1841. Many adventurous mountain-climbing 

 scientists have endeavored to reach the summit 

 of this giant among peaks, but no one has 

 accomplished the feat. (For comparison of the 

 height of Mount Everest with the highest 

 mountains on the moon, see MOON.) 



EVERETT, ev'eret, EDWARD (1794-1865), an 

 American statesman and author, and one of 

 the greatest orators of his day. He was born 

 at Dorchester, Mass., and received his educa- 

 tion in Boston and at Harvard College. He 

 entered the Uni- 

 tarian ministry at 

 the age of nire- 

 teen, but resigned 

 his first pastorate 

 in less than two 

 years. After 

 traveling in Ger- 

 many and Eng- 

 land, he occupied 

 the chair of 

 Greek literature 

 at Harvard Col- 

 lege. For four 

 years he was EDWARD EVERETT 

 editor of the North American Review; then, 

 entering politics, he served five terms in Con- 

 gress and was elected governor of Massachu- 

 setts in 1835. He filled the office of governor 

 for four terms, and was then defeated for 

 reelection by a single vote. 



In 1841 Everett was named United States 

 minister to Great Britain, but immediately 

 after Folk's inauguration he was recalled. 

 From January, 1846, to 1849, he was president 

 of Harvard College, and in 1852 became Sec- 

 retary of State in President Fillmore's Cabinet. 

 Within a few months he was elected United 

 States Senator from Massachusetts, but re- 

 signed in 1854. The Constitutional Union 

 party nominated Everett for Vice-President in 

 1860, but his ticket received only thirty-nine 

 electoral votes out of 303. 



It was Everett who was the chief orator at 

 Gettysburg on the day Lincoln delivered his 

 great speech of 279 words. Everett was so 

 amazed at the President's logic and power of 

 condensation that he declared Lincoln's speech 

 would live generations after his own (Everett's) 

 two-hour effort was forgotten. 



