FALCONBRIDGE 



2131 



FALKLAND ISLANDS 



ued because she is so fierce, quick and perfect 

 at the work of catching game. She is about 

 seventeen inches long, with a forty-two-inch 

 spread of wing. Falcons inhabit wild places 

 and prey on grouse, ducks, pigeons, rabbits, 

 etc. They usually build their nests on high 

 ledges of rock. Other American true falcons 

 are the pigeon-hawk and the sparrow-hawk. 



Falconry or Hawking, an amusement of 

 Oriental origin, is the pursuit of game by 

 means of trained falcons or hawks. The fal- 

 cons are taken to the field hooded and leashed, 

 carried on the shoulder or wrist of the trainer 

 or master, and when the game is seen the 

 bird is unhooded and loosed. Having been 

 trained, it catches the prey and, instead of de- 

 vouring it, brings it to the master. Falconry 

 was a favorite sport of princes, nobles and 

 ladies in the Middle Ages, but in England it 

 declined in the seventeenth century with 

 changes in agricultural conditions and the in- 

 troduction of firearms. The United States and 

 Canada are well adapted to falconry, having 

 the greatest variety of hawks and the best 

 opportunity for flying them. Several clubs 

 have been started to encourage the sport, but 

 it does not give promise of becoming a popular 

 pastime. 



FALCONBRIDGE, jawk ' on brij, SIB [WIL- 

 LIAM] GLENHOLME (1846- ), a Canadian 

 jurist, since 1900 chief justice of the king's 

 bench of the supreme court of Ontario. Sir 

 Glenholme was born at Drummondsville, 

 Ontario, attended school at Barrie and Toronto, 

 and in 1866 was graduated with honors from 

 the University of Toronto. He was for several 

 years a teacher of modern languages, but in 

 1871 was called to the bar, the profession in 

 which he was destined to rise to the highest 

 ranks. In 1872 he was appointed an examiner in 

 his alma matei, and until 1881 was also regis- 

 trar. From 1881 to 1896 he was a senator of 

 the university. In 1887 he was appointed a 

 judge of the queen's (now king's) bench, of 

 Ontario, and since 1900 has been chief justice. 

 From 1896 to 1900 he was an active member 

 of the commission for revising the statutes of 

 Ontario. Sir Glenholme is justly regarded as 

 one of the great jurists of the Dominion, and 

 is also known for his numerous translations 

 from the Latin, Greek and German poets. 

 The honor of knighthood was conferred on 

 him in 1908. G.H.L. 



FALCONER, jaw'k'ner, ROBERT ALEXANDER 

 (1867- ), a Canadian educator and clergy- 

 man, chosen president of the University of 



Toronto in 1907. He was born at Charlotte- 

 town, Prince Edward Island, was educated at 

 Queen's Royal College, Trinidad, British West 

 Indies, and later studied at the universities of 

 London, Edinburgh, Leipzig and Berlin. In 

 1892 he was ordained a Presbyterian clergy- 

 man, and thereafter, until 1907, he was in turn 

 an instructor, a professor and principal of Pres- 

 byterian College at Halifax. In 1907, the year 

 in which he became president of the University 

 of Toronto, he was also appointed to the joint 

 committee to promote a union of the Presby- 

 terian, Congregational and Methodist churches 

 in Canada. Dr. Falconer is the author of The 

 Truth of the Apostolic Gospel and numerous 

 articles on New Testament subjects. He was 

 created Companion of the Order of Saint 

 Michael and Saint George (C. M. G.) in 1911. 



FALCONIO, jal fco ' nyo, DIOMEDE (1842-1917), 

 an American Roman Catholic cardinal, born 

 at Pescocostanzo, Italy. After finishing his 

 novitiate in the Franciscan Order in 1865 he 

 emigrated to America at the age of twenty and 

 became a naturalized citizen, this fact enti- 

 tling him to recognition as an American by 

 the Roman Catholic Church. He was ordained 

 priest in Buffalo in 1866 and in the same year 

 became professor of philosophy at Saint Bona- 

 venture's College, Allegany, N. Y. From 1872 

 to 1882 he was administrator of the cathedral at 

 Harbor Grace, Newfoundland, but returned to 

 Italy in 1883 and held various high positions 

 in the Church, including the archbishopric of 

 Matera. He served as apostolic delegate to 

 Canada from 1899 to 1902, and was then trans- 

 ferred to Washington in a similar capacity. 

 On October 28, 1911, he was elevated to the 

 cardinalate, being one of three American car- 

 dinals appointed at that time by the Pope, the 

 others being John Murphy Farley and William 

 Henry O'Connell. He is the author of a vol- 

 ume of Pastoral Letters. 



FALKLAND, jawk' land, ISLANDS. The 

 southernmost unit in the British Empire is 

 the crown colony of Falkland Islands, which 

 includes the islands proper, a rocky group 300 

 miles east of the Strait of Magellan; South 

 Georgia and the Sandwich Islands, 1,000 miles 

 farther east; and Graham Land, a part of the 

 Antarctic continent, with the neighboring South 

 Orkney and South Shetland islands. The chief 

 industry of the 3,000 people in the Falklands 

 is sheep-raising. South Georgia has a whal- 

 ing settlement, the Shetlands have seal fish- 

 eries, and the Orkneys and Graham Land are 

 the sites of Argentine meteorological stations. 



