FISHING 



2190 



FISK UNIVERSITY 



strongly clawed feet are covered with pointed 

 scales. 



In America, the fish hawks range from Hud- 

 son Bay and 

 Alaska to South 

 America and the 

 West Indies. 

 They often live 

 in colonies, but 

 always in pairs. 

 High on an ex- 

 posed cliff, or in 

 a large, dead tree 

 near water, a 

 huge nest, large 

 enough to fill a THE FIgH HAWK 



cart, is built of g^e rears her young on yon- 

 t i r> V Thprp der tree ; 



e She leaves her faithful mate 

 two to four eggs, to mind 'em ; 



L i 11 Like us, for fish she sails to 



brownish, yellow sea 



or speckled white, And, plunging, shows us 



^ where to find em. 



are laid, and WILSON : 



when hatched the 



helpless young live in their airy home for 

 several months. The parents circle gracefully 

 high in the air watching the water for signs 

 of food, which they swoop down upon with a 

 wonderful dash. The bald eagle often pursues 

 the fish hawk and frightens it into dropping 

 its catch, so the latter often supplies food for 

 two families. 



FISHING. See ANGLING. 



FISKE, fisk, JOHN (1842-1901), an American 

 philosopher and historian and exponent of the 

 doctrine of evolution, was born at Hartford, 

 Conn. He was the son of Edmund Brewster 

 Green, his own name being Edmund Fiske 

 Green, but after his mother's second marriage 

 in 1855 he assumed the name of a great-grand- 

 father, John Fiske. His early boyhood was 

 spent in Middletown, Conn., where he was 

 known as an unusually intelligent youth. He 

 read and enjoyed Shakespeare at the age of 

 eight and later far surpassed other boys in his 

 knowledge of Latin and Greek. After his grad- 

 uation from Harvard in 1863 he spent two 

 years in the Harvard law school but never 

 entered legal practice, preferring to devote 

 himself to teaching, writing and lecturing. 



In 1869 he gave a course of lectures on the 

 Positive Philosophy at Harvard, and in 1871 

 delivered thirty-five lectures on the doctrine 

 of evolution which attracted the attention of 

 both Darwin and Herbert Spencer. In the 

 winter of 1879 he lectured on American history 

 in the Royal Institute in London, and after 



his return to America in 1884 was appointed to 

 the chair of American history in Washington 

 University, Saint Louis, Mo., although he con- 

 tinued to make his home in Cambridge, Mass. 

 Among his contributions on evolution are 

 Destiny of Man, Outlines oj Cosmic Philoso- 

 phy, Myths and Myth Makers, Idea of God 

 As Affected by Modern Knowledge, The Un- 

 seen World and Excursions of an Evolutionist. 

 By the clearness of his style he did much to 

 spread a knowledge of Darwin and Spencer 

 in America. It is, however, through his his- 

 torical writings that his reputation will endure, 

 as these form a continuous account of events 

 from the earliest American discoveries. Al- 

 though at times he failed in point of accuracy, 

 he contributed much of value to the history 

 of America. His best known historical works 

 include The American Revolution, The Be- 

 ginnings of New England, and a United States 

 History for schools. 



FISKE, MINNIE MADDERN (1865- ), an 

 American actress, born in New Orleans of 

 theatrical parents. Most of her life has been 

 spent upon the stage; in childhood she ap- 

 peared with such celebrities as Laura Keene, 

 John McCullough and E. L. Davenport. In 

 1890 she was married to Harrison Grey Fiske 

 and retired temporarily from the stage. In 

 1893 she appeared in her husband's play, Hester 

 Crewe, and later in Ibsen's Doll's House and 

 Tess of the D'Urbervilles, the latter a play 

 founded on Thomas Hardy's novel of the 

 same name. In Becky Sharp, a drama written 

 around Thackeray's Vanity Fair, she enacted 

 one of her most successful roles. The domi- 

 nant note of her art is a strong intelligence 

 combined with a keen sense of dramatic real- 

 ism. She is the author of several plays, and 

 collaborated with her husband in Foutenelle. 

 In 1901 she opened Manhattan Theater in New 

 York City, an independent playhouse in oppo-' 

 sition to the American theatrical syndicate. 

 Later she joined the great number of noted 

 theatrical stars who have taken up moving 

 picture work. 



FISK UNIVERSITY, a coeducational school 

 for colored people, founded in 1865 at Nash- 

 ville, Tenn., under the auspices of the American 

 Missionary Association and the Western Freed- 

 man's Aid Association of Cincinnati. Through 

 the efforts of Clinton B. Fisk, after whom 

 it was named, much was done to raise the 

 standard of colored schools. A grammar school 

 and preparatory college, normal, music and 

 theological departments are maintained, as well 



