FOOTBALL 



22.') I 



FOOTBALL 



from the mouth. The smacking of the lips 

 at this stage can be heard at a distance. The 

 blisters rupture in two or three days and 

 leave an ulcer, which may heal quickly or 

 very slowly. 



Soon the animal begins to be lame, drawing 

 up one foot to ease the pain. The character- 

 istic blisters are then seen on the skin above 

 the hoof, and later the hoof may separate in 

 places. The teats of cows are often broken 

 out in blisters. In the malignant form of the 

 disease death occurs very suddenly, and as 

 high as fifty per cent of such cases are fatal. 

 The death rate in ordinary cases is from two 

 to five per cent. 



Treatment. This may be considered under 

 two heads, the preventive and the medicinal. 



Preventive treatment consists in carefully 

 isolating all well animals to keep them from 

 coming in contact with the disease, and then 

 thoroughly disinfecting the sheds, pens, etc., 

 in which the stock has been kept. The con- 

 taminated feed, litter, etc., should all be burned 

 or buried, following which the premises should 

 be quarantined for three months. The in- 

 fected stock and all other animals which have 



been exposed and may contract the disease 

 should be killed and buried in quicklime; 

 experts muke no exception to this ruling. 



Medicinal treatment consists in thorough 

 cleanliness of the premises, soft food like 

 gruel, and mashes. Chlorate of potash or ni- 

 trate of potash may be given in the drinking 

 water and mild astringent applications made 

 to the hoofs. 



Danger to People. Man may contract the 

 disease from drinking milk from infected cows, 

 or getting the saliva in a raw place on the 

 hands, as when milking, particularly on the 

 fingers and at the roots of the nails. Young 

 children are especially liable to take the dis- 

 ease and may die as a result. The outcome in 

 adults is usually favorable. The milk from 

 infected cows should be destroyed and at- 

 tendants should be very careful to wash their 

 hands in antiseptic solution, cauterizing with 

 carbolic acid any cut or raw places. J.B.M. 



Consult Melvin's The 1908 Outbreak of Foot and 

 Mouth Disease in the United States, in the annual 

 report (1908) of the Bureau of Animal Industry, 

 Washington, D. C. ; also Circular No. HI, United 

 States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of 

 Animal Industry. 



, 

 THE StORY OF FQQTBAtL 



.OOTBALL, next to baseball the most 

 popular athletic game in the world, is played 

 principally in the British Empire and in the 

 United States. It is a very ancient form of 

 exercise and amusement. The Indians of North 

 America and the aborigines of many of the 

 Pacific islands played a similar game, and it 

 is not at all improbable that football, in some 

 form, was known in the far-off days when all 

 Europe was in barbarism. The Greeks seem 

 to have taught it to the Romans, and the lat- 

 ter, through their soldiers, to the Britons and 

 other races of the north. In the British Isles 

 football was played in the Middle Ages by 

 whole communities, who kicked the ball with- 

 out clear design through the streets or over 

 the meadows, in such a rough fashion that the 

 game was sometimes forbidden by statute. 

 Only in the nineteenth century did it become 



an organized game, with fixed numbers on 

 each side and definite methods of counting 

 score. Weight, physical fitness and endurance 

 are prime requisites in players, but quick think- 

 ing is vitally necessary. 



It was at the great English schools like 

 Rugby, Harrow and Eton that football was 

 first made practical. The boys' playground at 

 Rugby was large, and there was plenty of room 

 for running and tackling. At other schools, 

 even as late as 1850, the game was confined to 

 kicking and bunting the ball. Thus two dis- 

 tinct types of football have developed: Rugby, 

 which permits running with the ball, and Asso- 

 ciation or Soccer, which prohibits it. The 

 former includes English, Canadian and Amer- 

 ican Rugby, three distinct styles of play. The 

 variations in these plays is made clear in the 

 paragraphs that follow. 



