GALENA 



GALICIA 



tury Galen was regarded as the highest au- 

 thority on matters relating to anatomy and 

 physiology. 



GALE'NA, or LEAD GLANCE, a mineral 

 which is found in large quantities and forms 

 the chief ore from which lead is extracted. 

 Galena is a compound or sulphide of lead, and 

 usually contains about eighty-seven parts lead 

 and thirteen parts sulphur; the ore also con- 

 tains small amounts of silver, antimony, zinc, 

 iron and bismuth. When the proportion of 

 silver is high it is known as argentiferous 

 galena. The ore is usually found in large cav- 

 ities or chambers of limestone. Galena is a 

 soft and brittle mineral, with a bluish-gray 

 color, like that of lead, but brighter. In the 

 United States galena is abundant, occurring 

 in large quantities near Galena in Illinois, in 

 Colorado, Idaho, Montana, and in smaller quan- 

 tities in Iowa, Missouri and Wisconsin. It is 

 also found in Mexico, England and Australia. 

 Coarsely grained galena is used for glazing 

 pottery, and is known as potters' ore. See 

 LEAD. 



GALESBURG, ILL., the county seat of Knox 

 County, in the northwestern part of the state, 

 forty-two miles northeast of Burlington and 

 163 miles southwest of Chicago. It is on the 

 Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, and the Atchi- 

 son, Topeka & Santa Fe railroads, and has 

 interurban electric lines to Monmouth, Abing- 

 don, Knoxville and East Galesburg. The area 

 of the city is nine square miles. The popula- 

 tion, which in 1910 was 22,089, was 24,276 in 

 1916, by Federal estimate. 



Galesburg is an important educational cen- 

 ter; it is the seat of Knox College (which see), 

 a non-sectarian, coeducational school, Lombard 

 College (Universalist) and Corpus Christi 

 Lyceum, Saint Joseph's and Saint Mary's acade- 

 mies (Roman Catholic). The city has a Fed- 

 eral building, erected at a cost of $100,000; a 

 Carnegie Library, state armory, Y. M. C. A. 

 building, Galesburg Club, Masonic Temple, 

 two hospitals, several fine churches and Stand- 

 ish and Lincoln parks. 



The city is a market for the rich farming 

 country surrounding it. It is an important 

 division point on the Chicago, Burlington & 

 Quincy Railroad, a road employing 2,500 peo- 

 ple in its shops in the city and owning a pas- 

 senger station and grounds worth $500,000. 

 Among the industrial enterprises are a paving 

 brick plant (producing annually 100 million 

 paving bricks), stockyards and manufactories 

 of boilers, engines, farm machinery and imple- 



ments, overalls, mittens, typewriters, etc. The 

 city has important wholesale interests. 



A group of pioneers from New York settled 

 here in 1836. They were led by Rev. George 

 Washington Gale, a Presbyterian clergyman, 

 who was desirous of organizing a school for 

 the ministry in the West, a purpose realized 

 in the founding of Knox College. Before the 

 War of Secession, Galesburg was an impor- 

 tant station of the "Underground Railroad" 

 (which see). It was granted a city charter in 

 1857. One of the famous Lincoln-Douglas 

 debates was held on the grounds of Knox 

 College in 1858. F.R.H. 



GALICIA, go, lish'ia, the largest of the former 

 Austrian crownlands, was bounded on the north 

 and east by Russia, on the south and southwest 

 by Hungary, on the southeast by the Austrian 

 province of Bukowina and on the west by Si- 

 lesia. It occupied the northern slopes of the 

 Carpathian Mountains, covering an area of 



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GERMANY 



\^~~ ~.~ SLOVA ^^* 



/ BULGARIA 

 \ 



LOCATION OF GALICIA 



about 30,300 square miles. When the dual mon- 

 archy of Austria-Hungary disappeared after the 

 defeat of the Central Empires in the War of the 

 Nations, Galicia was claimed by Poland and 

 Ukrania, the western' part by the former, the 

 eastern, by the latter. The peace conference 

 left the boundary decisions to the league of 

 nations. They could not be announced defi- 

 nitely during the year 1919. 



Salt, coal and petroleum are the chief min- 

 eral products; some of the richest petroleum 

 fields in Europe are found in the Carpathian 

 range, and the rock-salt deposits of Wieliczka 

 are famous. The country is drained by the 

 Vistula, Dniester, Pruth, San, Dunajec and Bug 

 Rivers and is noted for its numerous mineral 

 springs. The climate is severe, the short sum- 

 mer being intensely hot and the cold of winter 

 very penetrating. Lemberg, the former capital, 





