GALILEE 



2363 



GALILEO 



has a population of over 206,000; the next city 

 in size is Cracow, with 154,000 inhabitants. 



Galicia was a part of Poland (which see) un- 

 til the first partition of the country, in 1772. 

 It became a permanent possession of Austria 

 at the close of the Napoleonic wars. During 

 the War of the Nations (which see) it was the 

 scene of terrible fighting between the Russian 

 and Austro-German armies. Though overrun 

 by the Russians and held by them until the 

 spring of 1915, the crownland was reconquered 

 by the opposing forces in their spectacular 

 drive toward Warsaw. One of the outstand- 

 ing features of this campaign was the assault 

 on the fortified town of Przemysl, which sur- 

 rendered to the Russians in March, 1915, and 

 was recaptured by the Austro-German armies 

 the following June. Lemberg also was the 

 center of desperate fighting. Population of 

 the crownland, 1912, estimated at 8,160,780. 



GAL'ILEE, from the Hebrew word galil, 

 meaning a circle, was at the beginning of the 

 Christian Era the most northern division of 



LOCATION OF GALILEE 



Palestine, lying between the River Jordan on 

 the east and the Mediterranean Sea on the 

 west. It is now included in poverty-stricken, 

 misgoverned Turkish Syria. It has a world- 

 wide religious interest, which it will never lose, 

 for Nazareth, Cana, Nain and others of its 

 cities were the scenes of many important 

 events during Christ's ministry on earth. The 



inhabitants of this locality, on account of 

 their ignorance, peculiar dialect, and rather lax 

 religious sentiments, were scorned by the an- 

 cient Jews, who, in derision, referred to the 

 Christians as "Galileans." After the destruc- 

 tion of Jerusalem, however, the formerly de- 

 spised region harbored many Jewish refugees, 

 and became the center of a number of schools 

 for the education of Rabbis. 



Sea of Galilee, in Biblical history also called 

 the LAKE OF GENNESARET and the SEA OF TI- 

 BERIAS, is an oval-shaped body of water in the 

 north of Palestine. Through it flows the River 

 Jordan. No other sea or lake in all history 

 has held for so many hundreds of years the 

 reverent attention of the Christian world, for 

 it was intimately associated with the lives of 

 Christ and His disciples. The northern part 

 is the section associated with events in the 

 Master's life, such as the walking on the 

 water, the draft of fishes, the stilling of the 

 tempest, and many other demonstrations of 

 His divinity. 



It is nineteen miles long by six miles broad, 

 and is supposed to have been formed by vol- 

 canic forces. While it is fed by many warm 

 and salty springs, its waters are clear, cool and 

 refreshing. Once there were nine flourishing 

 cities on its shores, and it was the center of 

 an extensive fishing industry, but its vicinity 

 is barren and practically deserted. Only two 

 of the towns which flourished in Bible times 

 yet survive -Magdala and Tiberias but these 

 are now almost in ruins. 



GALILEO, gal He 'o (1564-1642), an Italian 

 astronomer and mathematician, one of the 

 world's original thinkers, whose investigations 

 and discoveries have made him the creator of 

 experimental science. He was the first to see 

 clearly the un- 

 changeable rela- 

 tion between 

 cause and effect, 

 and his service 

 to the progress of 

 learning is mem- 

 orable and endur- 

 ing. Galileo, the 

 name which he 

 bears by virtue 

 of custom, is a 

 shortened form of 

 his real name, 

 GALILEO GALILEI, which he did not like. 



He was born at Pisa, and as a youth began 

 to study medicine and the principles of Aris- 



GALILEO 



