GLAZING 



2511 



GLOBE 



and who ascribed to it many curative quali- 

 ties. This substance is sodium sulphate after 

 it has absorbed a great quantity of water, 

 its chemical composition being one molecule of 

 sodium sulphate and ten molecules of water. 

 Glauber's salt appears in the form of large, 

 transparent prism crystals. It has a bitter, 

 saline, but not acrid, taste. When it is ex- 

 posed to air it loses its water and becomes a 

 white powder. Glauber's salt is always found 

 in small quantities in the blood. It occurs in 

 great quantities in many mineral waters, in 

 sea water, and also as the mineral thenardite, 

 or mirabilite, which is found in the United 

 States, Spain and Russia. Glauber's salt has 

 been used in medicine since the seventeenth 

 century as a purgative. It is also used in the 

 manufacture of glass and in the dyeing in- 

 dustry. 



GLAZING. See POTTERY. 



GLENS FALLS, N. Y., a city of historical 

 interest and commercial importance, situated 

 in Warren County and on the Hudson River 

 about midway between the northern and south- 

 ern borders of the state. Albany is sixty-one 

 miles south by rail', and Saratoga Springs is 

 reached by a twenty-mile ride by trolley. The 

 city is also situated on the Champlain Feeder 

 Canal, and is about nine miles south of Lake 

 George. Transportation is provided by the 

 Delaware & Hudson Railroad, constructed to 

 the city in 1869, and by the Hudson Valley 

 Trolley System. In 1910 the population was 

 15,298; it had increased to 16,894 in 1916, 

 according to Federal estimate. 



Manufacturing facilities at Giens Falls are 

 increased by abundant water power provided 

 by the great Spier Falls Dam across the Hud- 

 son River, twelve miles north. Most promi- 

 nent of the varied factories of the city are 

 paper mills, in which over 800 men are em- 

 ployed. Ten shirt, collar and waist factories 

 have 2,000 people on their pay rolls, and a 

 cement company has an annual output of 600,- 

 000 barrels. In the vicinity are extensive black 

 marble and limestone quarries. The city has 

 Glens Falls Academy, Saint Mary's Academy, 

 a business school and a library. An $80,000 

 Federal building erected in 1915, a $400,000 

 insurance building, a $150,000 bank building 

 and a $150,000 hospital are the most note- 

 worthy buildings. 



Glens Falls was settled in 1763 and incor- 

 porated as a village in 1837. It was almost 

 totally destroyed by fire in 1864, the loss 

 amounting to $300,000. A similar disaster oc- 



curred in 1884. In 1908 the place was incor- 

 porated as a city. It is located on the Great 

 War Trail leading from Lake George to Al- 

 bany, and throughout the French and Indian 

 and the Revolutionary wars a fortified post 

 was located on the outskirts of the city. Bur- 

 goyne's forces also encamped here while on 

 their way to Saratoga. The falls and rapids 

 of the Hudson River at this point give the 

 name to the city. These falls, with the cave 

 which lies under the limestone formation here, 

 were made famous through Cooper's The Last 

 of the Mohicans. W.K.S. 



GLOBE, as ordinarily understood, is a body 

 shaped like a ball. As applied to the study 

 of geography, a globe is a hollow sphere made 

 of metal, plaster or pasteboard, on whose sur- 

 face is shown a map of the world. It is called 

 the terrestrial globe, and its purpose is to indi- 

 cate the great land and water divisions, present 

 an idea of the earth's geography as a whole, 

 and simplify the study of the seasons and the 

 succession of day and night by actual illustra- 

 tion of the manner in which the earth rotates 

 on its axis. A similar device for studying prac- 

 tical astronomy, called the celestial globe, pre- 

 sents a map of the heavens. 



The making of an ordinary schoolroom globe 

 is an interesting process. Layers of paper are 

 pasted over a spherical mold to the thick- 

 ness of cardboard. The resulting shell is cut 

 into two hemispheres, the dividing line mark- 

 ing the equator.^-The halves are then glued 

 together around a wire representing the earth's 

 axis, at right angles to the equator, its two 

 ends representing the north and south poles. 

 After the globe is covered with a variety of 

 plaster and is made perfectly smooth and 

 round, the map is pasted on. The flat map, 

 such as appears in books, will not do, for the 

 latter are plane* surfaces, whereas the sphere 

 has a curved surface. A map must therefore 

 be specially made and printed in sections, with 

 proper allowance for curvature. Small circles 

 are printed for the polar regions, and a number 

 of long strips, or gores, form the rest of the 

 earth. As in all maps, the parallels of latitude 

 and the meridians showing longitude are 

 marked on the globe. See MAP. 



In mounting the terrestrial globe on its stand, 

 the axis is slightly inclined, to correspond 

 with the inclination of the earth's axis. A 

 movable vertical band of brass represents the 

 meridian, and is divided into degrees and min- 

 utes; a stationary horizontal band of wood 

 represents the earth's horizon and- is marked 



