GOTTSCHALK 



2543 



GOUJON 



sion to settle in Pannbnia, a Roman province 

 between the Danube and the Save rivers. 

 Theodoric, their most celebrated ruler, who 

 became king in 476, invaded Italy in 488, and 

 in 493 defeated and slew Odoacer, the bar- 

 barian chief who was then on the throne of 

 Italy. Theodoric ruled the country with great 

 vigor and ability until his death, in 526. For 

 several years thereafter the Ostrogoths were 

 warred upon by the armies of the Eastern 

 emperors, and about 554, broken and scattered, 

 they disappeared from history as a separate 

 nation. See THEODORIC; ODOACER. 



Consult Bradley's The Story of the Goths; Gib- 

 bon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. 



GOTTSCHALK, got' shahlk, Louis MOREAU 

 (1829-1869), an American musician, born in 

 New Orleans, La. He began to compose at 

 the age of sixteen, and made successful concert 

 tours in France, Switzerland, Spain, South 

 America and the United States. In these he 

 played chiefly his own compositions and con- 

 ducted his orchestral works. He composed 

 extensively for the piano, The Last Hope being 

 considered his masterpiece. His works have 

 an originality and charm which were greatly 

 enhanced by the freshness and passion of his 

 playing. He is remembered as a gifted per- 

 former rather than a composer. 



GOUGH, goj, JOHN BARTHOLOMEW (1817- 

 1886), a temperance orator of remarkable mag- 

 netism, who early in life was a drunkard, 

 with only disreputable men for his companions. 

 After terrific struggles he got control of him- 

 self and became America's foremost temper- 

 ance worker. Gough was born in England, 

 but his parents moved to the United States 

 when he was a child. 



After the death of his mother he gave him- 

 self to debauchery, earning a meager living 

 by singing in saloons and concert halls. He 

 was induced to sign a pledge, but there were 

 many lapses. However, once master of him- 

 self, he never fell again. From that time on 

 he devoted his energies to the lecture plat- 

 form in behalf of temperance, traveling in 

 America and England, always holding himself 

 up as an example to all who would heed his 

 pleas. He was the leader of the red-ribbon 

 movement; during its vogue literally millions 

 of people wore little red-ribbon badges as the 

 visible token of a written pledge to abstain 

 from alcoholic drink. He died while delivering 

 a lecture in Frankford, Pa. He published a 

 series of Temperance Lectures and Temperance 

 Addresses, and a volume of sketches, Sunlight 



and Shadow; or Gleanings from My Life 

 Work. 



GOUIN, gooaN', SIR LOMER (1861- ), a 

 Canadian barrister and statesman, premier and 

 attorney-general of Quebec since 1905. He was 

 born at Grondines, Que., attended Sorel and 

 Levis colleges, and was graduated from Laval 

 University in 1884. In the same year he 

 was called to the bar, his success in his pro- 

 fession being immediate. He was an unsuc- 

 cessful candidate for the House of Commons 

 in 1891, but in 1897 was elected to the Quebec 

 assembly. He became one of the leaders of 

 the Liberals, was commissioner of public works 

 from 1900 to 1904, and then in 1905 was called 

 on to form a ministry. He was made a Knight 

 Commander of the Order of Saint Michael and 

 Saint George in 1908, and in 1910 was chosen 

 batonnier-general of the Quebec bar, a tribute 

 to his professional standing. 



He was chairman of the Interprovincial 

 Conference at Ottawa in 1906, and was a dele- 

 gate to a similar conference jn 1910. The 

 honorary degree of LL.D. was conferred on 

 him by Laval University in 1902, McGill Uni- 

 versity in 1911 and the University of Toronto 

 in 1915. In the words of the chancellor of the 

 last institution, "By common consent, by the 

 judgment and verdict of public opinion, Sir 

 Lomer Gouin is to-day regarded by the people 

 of Quebec as one of the most distinguished, 

 most capable and most praiseworthy men in 

 Canada." G.H.L. 



GOUJON, goozhoN', JEAN (15207-1572?), 

 the most distinguished sculptor produced by 

 France in the sixteenth century. During most 

 of his career he worked in collaboration with 

 the famous architects of his day, and it is in 

 the wonderful harmony between his sculptures 

 and the architecture which they adorned that 

 his fame as an artist consists. 



Although evidence has been offered justi- 

 fying the date 1520, the time and place of 

 Goujon's birth are still uncertain. In 1561 an 

 attempt was made to turn out of the royal 

 employment all those who were suspected of 

 Huguenot (Protestant) tendencies. Goujon 

 had always been claimed as a reformer, and 

 it is possible that he was one of the victims 

 of the attack. At any rate, from this time 

 on all trace of him was lost. 



Goujon worked with the architect Pierre 

 Lescot, the celebrated architect of the Louvre, 

 and among his famous productions are several 

 bas-reliefs which he designed for the church 

 of Saint Germain 1'Auxerrois in Paris, and a 



