GRANT 



GRANULATION 



marked the completion of the first century 

 of American independence, and was fittingly 

 celebrated by a great Centennial Exposition 

 (which see) at Philadelphia. Two of the ex- 

 hibits there were recent inventions, then still 

 regarded as of little practical value one was 

 the incandescent electric light, the other was 

 the Bell telephone. 



During the eight years of Grant's Presidency 

 the United States was at peace with the rest 

 of the world, but within its 1 own borders there 

 was savage warfare. In 1871 and 1872 the 

 Apache Indians in Arizona and the Modoc 

 Indians in California were on the warpath, and 



TOMB ON RIVERSIDE DRIVE 



It faces south, with the Hudson River many 

 feet below, at the left. In an open circular vault 

 a dozen feet below the marble floor of the main 

 room, over which a purplish light is diffused, lie 

 side by side the President-General and his wife, 

 Julia Dent Grant. In small adjoining rooms are 

 preserved mementos of the period of the War of 

 Secession. The building was constructed of Wis- 

 consin stone, quarried at Montello. 



in 1876 the Sioux Indians, led by Sitting Bull, 

 massacred gallant General Custer and his entire 

 force in Dakota Territory (see CUSTER, GEORGE 

 A.). The Chicago Fire of 1871 and the Boston 

 Fire of 1872 were disasters of a different kind. 

 During the closing months of Grant's term the 

 great issue before the people was the con- 

 tested election, full details of which are given 

 in the article on Rutherford B. Hayes. 



Around the World and Home Again. In May, 

 1877, just two months after the inauguration 

 of his successor, Grant started on a trip around 

 the world in company with his wife and eldest 



.son, Frederick. He sailed from Philadelphia 

 to Liverpool, and visited the British Isles and 

 the great cities of continental Europe. From 

 Marseilles he went to Egypt and the Holy 

 Land, thence to India, China and Japan, and 

 finally back to America at San Francisco, where 

 he landed in September, 1879. Everywhere he 

 was enthusiastically received, not merely as 

 the ex-President of the United States, but as 

 one of the greatest soldiers of modern times. 

 In 1880 a determined attempt was made to 

 nominate Grant for a third term, but he him- 

 self took no part in the campaign. Soon after- 

 ward he removed from his old home at Galena, 

 Illinois, to New York, where he 'invested all 

 his capital in the banking firm of Grant & 

 Ward, of which his son was a partner. The 

 mismanagement of the junior partners brought 

 the firm to bankruptcy, and left the General, 

 then sixty-two years old, penniless. To help 

 support himself he wrote a series of magazine 

 articles on his principal campaigns. These 

 were so successful that they led several pub- 

 lishers to make handsome offers for his per- 

 sonal memoirs, the story of his life to the end 

 of the War of Secession. When he realized 

 that he was suffering from cancer he redoubled 

 his efforts to finish the book, and the last word 

 was written only four days before his death, 

 which occurred on Mount McGregor, near 

 Saratoga, N. Y., on July 23, 1885. His body 

 now lies in a great tomb on Riverside Drive, 

 New York City; this tomb was paid for by 

 popular subscription, and was dedicated by 

 President McKinley on April 27, 1897. W.F.Z. 



Consult Nicolay's The Boys' Life of Ulysses 8. 

 Grant; Hosmer's The Outcome of the Civil War; 

 Garland's Grant: His Life and Character. 



GRANULATION, gran u la' shun, a healing 

 process occurring in open wounds. The granu- 

 lation consists of small pebbly masses of fleshy 

 matter which grow over the wound and assist 

 in the gradual closing and healing. Sometimes 

 the granulations are forced upward, beyond 

 the surface of the wound. Such growth is com- 

 monly known as proud flesh, and differs greatly 

 from the healthy granulations. Proud flesh is 

 usually removed by the surgeon's knife or 

 treated with strong caustics. 



The term granulation is sometimes applied 

 to lumps or sores appearing on the inner por- 

 tions of the eyelids and on the eyeball itself. 

 The scientific name for the disease in which 

 these symptoms occur is granular conjuncti- 

 vitif, but it is more commonly referred to as 

 granular eyelids. One form of granular con- 



