GREENVILLE 



2620 



GREENWICH 



Greenville it- pleasantly located at an alti- 

 tude of 1.000 feet among low. outlying hills 

 of the Blue Ridge Mountains. It contains 

 the Furman University (Baptist) ; Greenville 

 Woman's College (Baptist) ; Chicora College 

 (Presbyterian); Sacred Heart Academy (Ro- 

 man Catholic), and two business colleges. The 

 city has a Federal building, and a Carnegie 

 Library, constructed in 1916. 



Greenville is one of the largest textile-manu- 

 facturing cities of the South. Its mills oper- 

 ate nearly 600,000 spindles, and in them and 

 allied industrial plants are abo.ut 7,000 em- 

 ployees. This city is an important cotton mar- 

 ket for Southern mills, and contains large 

 engineering offices which design and supervise 

 much of the mill construction of the South. 

 Cotton mills, bleaching mills, hardwood manu- 

 facturing plants, foundries, flour and grain 

 mills, cigar factories, granite works and car- 

 riage and wagon works are the important indus- 

 trial establishments. 



Greenville was settled in 1776 and incorpo- 

 rated in 1831. It was /first chartered as a city 

 in 1868; the government is now administered 

 under a charter granted in 1902. W.F.H. 



GREENVILLE, TEX., the county seat of 

 Hunt County, situated in the northeastern sec- 

 tion of the state and on the headstream of 

 the Sabine River, fifty-one miles northeast of 

 Dallas. It is the junction of the Missouri. 

 Kansas & Texas, the Texas Midland and the 

 Saint Louis Southwestern railways, and these 

 shipping facilities make it the trade center for 

 a rich agricultural and stock-raising district. 

 It is also an important cotton market in the 

 state, and has cotton gins, cotton compresses 

 and a cottonseed oil refinery. For higher 

 education the city has Burleson College (Bap- 

 tist) and Wesley College ; one mile distant, in 

 a community known as "Holiness people," is 

 Holiness University, founded in 1898. Green- 

 ville was settled in 1844, was chartered as a 

 city in 1875 and adopted the commission form 

 of government in 1907. In 1910 the popula- 

 tion was 8,850; in 1916 it had increased to 

 10.099, by Federal estimate. The area of the 

 city is nearly five square miles. 



GREEN VITRIOL, vit'riul, another name 

 for copperas (which see). 



GREENWAY, THOMAS (1838-1909), a Cana- 

 dian statesman, premier of Manitoba from 

 1888 to 1900. He was born in England, but 

 emigrated to' Canada at an early age. and 

 became a merchant in Ontario. From 1875 to 

 1878 he sat in the Dominion House of Com- 



mons, and in 1879, having in the meanwhile 

 removed to Manitoba, he 'was elected a Liberal 

 member of the Manitoba legislature. In 1887 

 he became leader of the Liberal opposition, 

 and in the following year became premier. 

 The chief events of his administration con- 

 cerned the parochial or separate schools, which 

 he succeeded in abolishing in 1890. He also 

 secured the passage of a law abolishing French 

 as an official language for the province. These 

 measures excited bitter opposition throughout 

 the Dominion, and became a national political 

 issue (see MANITOBA, subhead History). Green- 

 way was succeeded as premier by Hugh J. 

 Macdonald (now Sir Hugh). G.H.L. 



GREENWICH, grin' itch, the English town 

 from the meridian of which geographers of the 

 world reckon longitude. It is situated on the 

 right bank of the Thames, six miles southeast 

 of London Bridge, in the County of Kent. 



GREENWICH OBSERVATORY 



The famous Royal Observatory, founded by 

 Charles II in 1675. stands upon a hill in 

 Greenwich Park. The fact that England 

 largely influenced the scientific world at the 

 time, and that the Greenwich Observatory then 

 excelled all others, made it the natural choice 

 as the center for the world's astronomical 

 observations. Therefore the longitude of 

 Greenwich was placed at 0. From the clock 

 in the observatory the time is daily flashed 

 by electricity throughout the United Kingdom 

 at exactly noon. 



The hospital established by Queen Mary in 

 1705 as a home for disabled seamen, with 

 accommodations for over 3.000. was, in 1873, 

 turned into the Royal Naval College for the 

 education of naval officers. The hospital was 

 formerly a royal palace, and was the birthplace 

 of Henry VIII, Mary and Elizabeth. Green- 

 wich now has extensive iron foundries, engi- 

 neering works, docks and shipbuilding yards. 

 Until 1894 it was customaiy for the British 



