HANCOCK 



2680 



HAND 



the beginning of the struggle of the colonies 

 against British tyranny he took a leading part 

 in defense of American rights, both with voiec 

 and pen, and the 

 attempt of Gov- 

 ernor Gage to ar- 

 rest Hancock and 

 Samuel Adams on 

 a charge of 

 treason was one 

 of the causes of 

 the Battle of 

 Lexington (see 

 I.IAINGTON, BAT- 

 TLE OF). Dunn: 

 the Revolution, 

 as major-general 

 of Massachusetts 

 militia, he led the 

 State troops in JOHN HANCOCK 



the Rhode Island expedition of 1778. He 

 served as governor of Massachusetts from 1780 

 until his death, except in 1785-1786, when he 

 was again a member of the Continental Con- - 

 grees. An excellent portrait o( Hancock, 

 painted by John Singleton Copley, hangs in the 

 Boston Museum of Fine Arts. 



HANCOCK, MICH., a city in Houghton 

 County, named for John Hancock of Revolu- 

 tionary fame, :md noted for its copper industry. 

 It is situated in the extreme northern part of the 

 Upper Peninsula, on Portage Lake. Houghton, 

 on the opposite shore, is connected by bridge 

 and an electric line with Hancock; Marquette 

 is ninety-seven miles southeast and Calumet is 

 twelve miles north. The city is served by the 

 Chicago & North Western; Chicago, Milwau- 

 kee & Saint Paul; Duluth, South Shore & 

 Atlantic; Copper Range, and the Mineral 

 Range railways and an electric line. A ship 

 canal provides a short cut for lake traffic to and 

 from Duluth. The first settlement was made 

 in 1840; it was incorporated as a village in 

 1863 and as a city in 1903. Finns comprise 

 sixty per cent of the population, which in- 

 creased from 8,981 in 1910 to 12,079 in 1916, by 

 Federal estimate. 



Hancock is located in the center of the fa- 

 mous copper region of Lake Superior, and the 

 mining, working and shipping of copper ore is 

 the principal industry. The Quincy, Calumet 

 and Hecla mines are in this locality. There are 

 large smelting works, foundries, saw and plan- 

 ing mills and factories for making miners' cloth- 

 ing, bed springs and boxes. Features of interest 

 m the city arc Moutczumu Park, Suomi Col- 



lege, the only Finnish College in the United 

 States, and a city library. 



HANCOCK, WINFIELD SCOTT (1824-1886), an 

 American general in the War of Secession and 

 in 1880 an unsuccessful candidate for the Presi- 

 dency of the United States. He was born at, 

 Montgomery Square, Pa., was graduated at 

 West Point in 1844 and appointed second lieu- 

 tenant in the Sixth Infantry. He fought in the 

 Mexican War, where he commanded a com- 

 pany, earning the brevet of first lieutenant for 

 services at Churubusco. From 1859 to 1861 he 

 was chief quartermaster of the Southern Cali- 

 fornia district. At the beginning of the Wai of 

 Secession he was given a command in the Army 

 of the Potomac and distinguished himself at 

 Williamsburg, Va., where General McClellan 

 said in his dispatches that "Hancock was su- 

 perb." On December 13, 1862, his command 

 suffered a heavy loss at the Battle of Freder- 

 icksburg, but he saved the day largely at the 

 Battle of Chancellorsville. He was wounded at 

 Gettysburg, where he took direct command un- 

 til the arrival of Meade. In 1867 he was sent 

 to New Orleans to supervise the work of re- 

 construction in Texas and Louisiana, but was 

 relieved at his own request and assigned to the 

 Atlantic military division on Governors' Island, 

 New York. He was nominated for President 

 of the United States on the Democratic ticket 

 in 1880, but was defeated by Garfield. 



General Hancock was a brilliant leader and 

 forceful speaker. In a speech on the tariff, 

 which was the chief political issue in the cam- 

 paign of 1880, he uttered a statement that 

 amazed his opponents when he said, "The tariff 

 is a local issue." It was termed absurd and 

 foolish, yet time has shown it to be true. 



HAND, a wonderfully-useful part of tin- 

 human body, through which man performs 

 countless varied and intricate acts. It has often 

 been said that with the heart man conceives, 

 with the head he directs, and with the hand he 

 executes. The bony framework of the hand 

 admirably fits it for the important part it plays 

 in human activity. There are twenty-seven 

 hand bones. The wrist, which joins the hand to 

 the forearm, contains ei^ht carpal bones; there 

 are five long mctacarpal bones, which lie in the 

 palm. Fourteen slender phalanges are found in 

 the fingers and thumb, three in each finger and 

 two in the thumbs. 



Beginning in the upper part of the forearm 

 are muscles which pass to the bones of the 

 hand and near the wrist unite with strong, slen- 

 der cords called tendon*. These tendons are 



