HARVEY 



2711 



HASHISH 



see). The harvest moon in the Southern Hemi- 

 sphere occurs in March, at the vernal equinox. 

 The beauty of the harvest moon has been cele- 

 brated in painting and in poetry. Longfellow 

 in his Harvest Moon describes it in these 

 words : 



It is the Harvest Moon ! On gilded vanes 

 And roofs of villages, on woodland crests 

 And their aerial neighborhoods of nests 

 Deserted, on the curtained window-panes 

 Of rooms where children sleep, on country lanes 

 And harvest fields, its mystic splendor rests. 



HARVEY, hahr'vi, HORACE (1863- ), a 

 Canadian jurist, appointed in 1910 to succeed 

 Hon. Arthur Sifton as chief justice of the 

 supreme court of Alberta. He was born in 

 Elgin County, Ont., and after graduating from 

 the University of Toronto, was called to the 

 bar in 1889. He practiced in Toronto until 

 1893, when he removed to Calgary. In 1896 

 he was appointed registrar of land titles at 

 Calgary, and in 1900 became deputy attorney- 

 general for the Northwest Territories. In June, 

 1904, he was appointed judge of the superior 

 court of the Territories, and on the organiza- 

 tion of the province of Alberta became judge 

 of the supreme court. In 1910 he was ap- 

 pointed chief justice. G.H.L. 



HARVEY, SIR JOHN (1778-1852), British sol- 

 dier and colonial administrator. After service in 

 many parts of the world he was sent to Canada 

 in 1812 as deputy adjutant-general of the Brit- 

 ish forces. He became one of Sir George 

 Prevost's chief advisers, and was conspicuous 

 in several battles, particularly at Stoney (or 

 Stony) Creek, where he defeated General Dear- 

 born, and at Crysler's (Chrystler's) Farm. At 

 the close of the war he returned to England, 

 and during the Waterloo campaign served on 

 the staff of the Duke of Wellington. In 1836 

 he returned to America as governor of Prince 

 Edward Island. He was governor of New 

 Brunswick from 1837 to 1841 and of Nova 

 Scotia from 1846 until his death. Sir John was 

 one of the most popular of the governors who 

 have served in Canada. That 'this popularity 

 came at the height of the struggle for respon- 

 sible government, a period when governors 

 were disliked by the people as a matter of prin- 

 ciple, is a high tribute to his character. G.H.L. 



HARVEY, WILLIAM (1578-1657), an English 

 physician, who by his discovery of the circu- 

 lation of the blood laid the foundation of mod- 

 ern medicine. This epoch-making discovery, 

 which inaugurated an era of experiment in 

 biology, is more remarkable when one considers 



that, without the aid of a microscope, Harvey 

 reached conclusions that have stood the test 

 of time. From 1628 on, his time was spent in 

 defending and expounding his doctrine of cir- 

 culation, for the professors of anatomy of his 

 day disbelieved his theories; and it was not 

 until 1827 that the full truth of his conclusions 

 was substantiated. 



He was born at Folkestone, studied at Caius 

 College, Cambridge, and later took his medical 

 degree at the University of Padua. Returning 

 to London in 1602, he became physician of 

 Saint Bartholomew's Hospital, and then lec- 

 turer at the College of Physicians there. He 

 was later appointed physician to James I and 

 to Charles I. His treatise, Exercitatio Anato- 

 mica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animali- 

 bus (On the Movement of the Heart and 

 Blood in Animals), which expressed his views 

 on circulation, is the greatest single essay on 

 a biological or medical subject ever given to 

 the world. See CIRCULATION OF THE BLOOD. 



HARZ, hahrts, MOUNTAINS, a range of 

 mountains in Germany, extending for a dis- 

 tance of sixty miles through Prussia, Bruns- 

 wick and Anhalt, between the rivers Saale and 

 Seine. The highest peak is the Brocken, rising 

 to a height of 3,747 feet, famous for its curious 

 specter, or shadow of spectators thrown by the 

 sun on to the morning and evening mists. 

 Throughout the range the average elevation 

 is not more than 1,000 feet. The lower slopes 

 are covered with valuable timber, including 

 oak, pine and beech, but the mountain tops 

 are quite barren. Granite is the principal 

 rock, having broken through lower strata of 

 Devonian formation (see GEOLOGY). The hills 

 are rich in minerals, including silver, copper, 

 iron and manganese; mines have been worked 

 since the twelfth century and are not yet ex- 

 hausted. The inhabitants of the Harz Moun- 

 tain district, which contains the towns of 

 Blankenburg, Klausthal, Goslar and Werni- 

 gerode, are skilful in the rearing and training 

 of canaries, which are regarded as the finest 

 songsters in the world. The scenery is beau- 

 tiful, and for many years the mountains have 

 been visited by great numbers of tourists. 



HASHISH, hash' eesh, the Oriental name for 

 the tops and tender parts of Indian hemp, the 

 active principle of which is extracted by boil- 

 ing with water to which butter or oil has been 

 added, thus forming a fatty substance. In 

 India it is used as a narcotic stimulant, and 

 produces a form of intoxication accompanied 

 by dreams, delusions, extreme drowsiness and 



