HAWAII 



2719 



HAWAII 



canoes, posts and railway ties. One of the most 

 charming features of the landscape is the pro- 

 fusion of tall palm trees which have been com- 

 pared to "feather dusters struck by lightning" 

 or to a "grove of damaged umbrellas." 



Hogs, dogs and rats have been introduced on 

 the islands, but about the only mammals native 

 to the country are whales, dolphins and a day- 

 flying bat. There are very few snakes and 

 only a few lizards. Fish of various hues and 

 beautifully colored birds abound. Insects are 

 numerous, and in many localities mosquitoes, 

 wasps, cockroaches, locusts and white ants are 

 pests. 



Climate. The Hawaiian Islands possess an 

 even, healthful climate, moderate the year 

 round, rarely too warm and never cold. 

 Owing to the trade winds and sea breezes the 



ficial wells, or surface water is conducted 

 through ditches and tunnels. Hawaii's system 

 of irrigation by means of cane-flumes excites 

 the wonder of the engineering world. 



Industries. The most important industries 

 of the islands are those relating to agriculture. 

 Hawaii, Maui and Oahu, especially, contain 

 large tracts of fertile land, and climate condi- 

 tions are favorable to the pursuit of agricul- 

 tural industries. Not many products have been 

 cultivated on a sufficient scale for large quan- 

 tity export, however, owing to distance from 

 markets of the world, tariffs and lack of prac- 

 tical agricultural knowledge. Scientific studies 

 instituted in recent years by the United States 

 Department of Agriculture have resulted in 

 considerable progress, and since 1900 the value 

 of the sugar crops has more than doubled. 



THE FARM 



Sugar Cane 



Paddy Rice 



Pineapples 



Coffee 



Cattle sold 



Vegetables 



Milk 



Cattle slaughtered 



Swine sold 



Bananas 



HAWAII PRODUCTS CHART 



Figures Based on U.S. Government Reports 



Mil lions of Dol lars Annual ly 

 20 30 40 



THE FACTORY 



Preparing Coffee 

 Sheet Metal 

 Food Preparations 

 Bread, etc. 

 Printing, Publishing 

 Wholesale Meat 

 Refining Sugar 

 Cleaning Rice 

 Canned Pineapple 

 Brown Sugar 



mean temperature is about 10 cooler than 

 that of other countries in the same latitude. 

 The average temperatures of the lowlands are 

 70 in January and 78 in July, the extremes 

 being 89 and 54. In December, when the 

 greater part of North America is snow-bound 

 and swept by icy winds, Honolulu gardens, 

 fields and mountain sides are bright with flow- 

 ers and gay with the warble of birds under a 

 smiling summer sky. Frost and snow occur 

 on mountain peaks, some being snow-capped 

 throughout the year. Hurricanes are unknown. 

 The rainfall and humidity vary in each little 

 locality. Above Hilo Bay, in Eastern Hawaii, 

 the rainfall is nearly as heavy as in any other 

 part of the world, from 100 to 250 inches 

 yearly; at Honolulu it averages about thirty- 

 two inches. Irrigation is necessary, however, 

 in many agricultural districts, especially on the 

 island of Hawaii. Water is pumped from arti- 



Sugar is grown in the lowlands, and about 

 half the sugar cane plantations are irrigated. 

 Scientific cultivation of that crop has resulted 

 in a greater yield per acre than anywhere else 

 in the world. In 1915 the export of raw sugar 

 to the United States had the record value of 

 $51,368,995, and refined sugar of over $1,500,000. 

 Over half the population is engaged in the 

 sugar industry, and scarcity of labor has neces- 

 sitated importation of foreign laborers. 



Next to sugar in importance comes rice. It 

 is grown in the lowest flats and is cultivated 

 mainly by the Chinese. Most of this product 

 is used in the islands, but a small quantity is 

 exported to the United States. Coffee is culti- 

 vated to a small extent for island use. Tobacco 

 and cotton industries are developing, rubber 

 trees are being successfully planted, and a 

 promising new industry is the raising of Ber- 

 muda onions. 



