HAWKESBURY 



2724 



HAWTHORN 



Among the really villainous hawks are the 

 goshawk and sparrow hawk, both fully described 

 under their titles in these volumes. Others 

 which are also more fond of poultry and game 

 birds than of insects and animals are the large 

 Cooper's hawk; the smaller sharp-shinned 

 hawk, or little blue darter; the large, princely 

 duck hawk, or true falcon, and the bluish pigeon 

 hawk. The fish hawk, or American osprey, is an 

 interesting species more fully described else- 

 where. See FISH HAWK; KITE. 



HAWKESBURY, hawks' her i, the county 

 town of Prescott County, Ontario, situated on 

 the Ottawa River in the extreme northeastern 

 part of the province. Ottawa is sixty miles 

 southwest, and Montreal is sixty miles east. 

 Railway transportation is provided by the 

 Grand Trunk and the Canadian Northern rail- 

 ways. The town has large lumber, pulp and 

 paper mills; one of the largest sulphite paper 

 mills in the British Empire is located here. 

 Hawkesbury was incorporated as a town in 

 1896. In 1911 its population was 4,400; in 1916 

 it was estimated at 4,500. French-Canadians 

 comprise four-fifths of this number. 



HAWKINS, hawk'inz, SIR ANTHONY HOPE 

 (1863- ), an English author, knighted in 

 1918, who gained the interest of a great circle of 

 readers by his novel, The Prisoner of Zenda. He 

 is a graduate of Balliol College, Oxford, and 

 after leaving school was admitted to the bar. 

 His first book, A Man of Mark, appeared under 

 the pen name ANTHONY HOPE. His Dolly Dia- 

 logues is a bright seesaw of smart dialogue 

 which appeals to the frivolous side of the 

 reader. His stories are famous for a lusty, ani- 

 mated style, and a number of his books have 

 been dramatized. His works include Father 

 Stafford, Mr. Witt's Widow, Sport Royal, Ru- 

 pert of Hentzau, Phroso, The Heart of Princess 

 Osra and Double Harness. 



HAWKINS, or HAWKYNS, SIR JOHN (1532- 

 1595), a British admiral, whose early training 

 was received in his family of sailors and owners 

 of sea vessels. He took a very active part in 

 adventure on the seas at the beginning of the 

 great epoch of Elizabethan maritime enterprise 

 by sailing to the coast of Guinea, where he 

 robbed the 1 Portuguese slave-trading vessels, 

 then smuggled the captured negroes into the 

 Spanish possessions of the New World. Two 

 other successful expeditions brought him re- 

 nown, and he was given a coat of arms with a 

 negro, chained, as his crest. He was elected 

 a member of Parliament, and was given the 

 office of treasurer and comptroller of the royal 



navy, and as a reward for his valor in the con- 

 flict with the Spanish Armada in 1588 he was 

 knighted by Queen Elizabeth. In 1595 he ac- 

 companied Drake on an unsuccessful voyage to 

 the West Indies in search of treasure, and he 

 died at sea, off Porto Rico. 



His son, SIR RICHARD HAWKINS (about 1562- 

 1622), also won distinction on the sea. Like 

 his father, he commanded a vessel in the suc- 

 cessful fight against the Armada, and later he 

 set forth on a voyage around the world, with 

 the openly-avowed intention of inflicting all 

 the harm he could on Spanish ships and Span- 

 ish colonies. In 1594, however, he encountered 

 a greatly superior Spanish force and was de- 

 feated and captured. Not until 1602 was he 

 allowed to return to England. 



HAWK MOTH, a long-winged, stout-bodied 

 moth, which flies at twilight. Often, when it 

 hangs over a blossom sipping nectar and keep- 

 ing itself afloat by the rapid motion of its 

 wings, it is mistaken for a humming bird, and 

 it is commonly called the humming-bird moth. 



HAWTHORN, a thorny, ornamental shrub 

 or small tree, of dense, low growth, with hand- 

 some foliage which turns to a brilliant color in 

 the fall. It bears white, fragrant blossoms, and 

 in some varieties pink or red. It is used exten- 

 sively in England for hedges. The Greek name 



THE HAWTHORN 



Form of the tree, as seen in winter ; leaves, 

 flowers and berries. 



for hawthorn, kratos, meaning strength, refers 

 to the hardiness of the wood. It bears small, 

 round, red fruit, called haws, which ripen in the 

 autumn and which are sometimes used for 

 making jelly. The American red haw, or thorn 

 apple, belongs to the true hawthorn genus. 



