HEBER 



2754 HEBREW LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE 



Then she was forced to resign her office, while 

 her father, Jupiter, went in search of another 

 cupbearer, finally kidnaping the beautiful youth 

 Ganymede for the office. Hebe always re- 

 tained the power 

 of restoring the 

 aged to the 

 bloom of youth 

 and beauty, and 

 some accounts 

 say that it was 

 only after she 

 became the wife 

 of Hercules, who 

 was deified, that 

 she gave up her 

 office of cup- 

 bearer. She even 

 succeeded in 

 reconciling her 

 mother, Juno, to 

 Hercules, who 

 had suffered all 

 his life from the 

 hatred of the 

 queen of the 

 gods. 



HE'BER, REGI- 

 NALD (1783-1826), 

 a bishop of the 

 English Church, 

 and a famous 

 author of hymns. 



He wrote the 



Haste thee, Nymph, and 

 great missionary bring with thee, 



ViirTYin F ^ Jest and youthful Jollity, 

 hymn, b rom QuipS) and cranks, and wan- 

 Greenland's Icy ton Wiles, 



... Nods, and Becks, and 

 Mountains, while wreathed Smiles, 



nr.nrlinCT C5iir^a-,r Such as hang on Hebe's cheek, 

 spending Sunday And love to live in dimple 



with a fellow- sleek; 



Sport that wrinkled Care de- 

 clergyman ; a spe- rides, 



cial offering had And L h a i ^ g s 1 i t d e e r s . holdinsr both 

 been asked for MILTON: L' Allegro. 



missions and his friend begged him to write 

 something for the occasion. It is said the 

 hymn has been translated into more languages 

 than any other religious song. The gift for 

 versification showed itself early in Heber's life. 

 His prize poem Palestine owed one of its most 

 striking passages to Sir Walter Scott's sugges-- 

 tion, and has won a permanent place in poetic 

 literature. When he was forty years of age he 

 was called to the bishopric, and his literary life 

 was closed. He was one of the first bishops 

 that the English Church sent to India, and he 

 baptized the first native to embrace Chris- 



tianity. Among his best-known hymns are 

 Holy, Holy, Holy, Lord God Almighty; Creator 

 oj the Rolling Flood; Lo, the 'Lilies of the 

 Field; There WOA Joy in Heaven; O, King of 

 Earth and Air and Sea. 



HEBERT, abair' , Louis PHILIPPE (1830- 

 ), a Canadian sculptor, noted for his 

 statues of great Canadians. He was bora in 

 the province of Quebec, and as a boy worked 

 on a farm. During his leisure moments he 

 indulged his inclination for carving in wood, 

 and in 1873 won a prize at a Montreal exhi- 

 bition. Soon afterwards he began to study 

 sculpture in a Montreal studio, and after five 

 years of hard work spent a year in Paris for 

 advanced study. Returning to Canada he first 

 received public notice by winning a prize of- 

 fered by the Dominion government for a statue 

 of Sir Georges E. Cartier, which now stands in 

 Parliament Square, Ottawa. Among his other 

 works are the statues of Alexander Mackenzie 

 and Sir John A. Macdonald, both at Ottawa, 

 the Maisonneuve and the Laval monuments at 

 Montreal, the Champlain Monument at Que- 

 bec, and the Joseph Howe statue at Halifax. 



HEBREW, he'broo, LANGUAGE AND LIT- 

 ERATURE, the spoken and written language 

 of the Hebrews during the greater part of 

 their existence in Palestine, and which, re- 

 vived at various epochs in the history of the 

 Jews, survives to the present day. Hebrew 

 belongs to the group known as the Semitic 

 languages and has all the characteristics of 

 the group, such as the use of consonants to 

 form the basis of stems, with vowel changes 

 to form the modifications which lead to verb 

 conjugation and noun declension. The alpha- 

 bet, just as the old Canaanitish or Phoenician, 

 is composed of twenty-two consonants. The 

 vowels are expressed by marks above or be- 

 low these letters. The present form of He- 

 brew is a modification of the old Phoenician 

 characters. The writing, as in the case of 

 most Semitic languages (not of all), is from 

 right to left, opposite that of the method em- 

 ployed in English. 



History. The history of the Hebrew lan- 

 guage and its literature may be divided into 

 four periods. First was the Biblical period, 

 extending roughly from 1000 B.C. down to the 

 threshold of the present era. Up to the time 

 of the so-called Babylonian Exile (685 B.C.) 

 Hebrew was the common language of speech 

 and writing, and this language was identical 

 with the tongue spoken by the Canaanites 

 at the time that the Hebrews invaded the 



