HEIDELBERG 



2759 



HEINE 



place. See CALENDAR; MOHAMMED; MECCA; 

 MEDINA. 



HEIDELBERG, hi'delberK, an ancient city 

 of Germany, about fifty-five miles south of 

 Frankfort, appeals to the mind because of its 

 impressive achievements in learning; to the 

 heart, because of its tragic history ; and to the 

 senses, because of the charm of its natural 

 beauty. The city stands on a narrow strip 

 between the River Neckar and the rock of 

 Heidelberg Castle, and consists primarily of 

 one long, narrow street. 



Heidelberg's most famous building is its cas- 

 tle, on a hill 300 feet above the town. Though 

 now a ruin, its size and magnificence, its situa- 

 tion and its interesting history place it among 

 the most famous of the old castles in Europe. 

 Begun at the end of the thirteenth century, it 

 exhibits some elaborate examples of early and 

 late Renaissance architecture. It contains an 

 antiquarian museum and the celebrated Tun, 

 capable of holding 50,000 gallons of wine. 

 Among the city's churches are the Church of 

 the Holy Ghost, of which the nave is for 

 Protestant and the choir for Roman Catholic 

 worship; and the Church of Saint Peter's, 

 where Jerome of Prague, in 1460, expounded 

 the Reformed doctrines. The trade is chiefly 

 in books, tobacco, beer and wine. 



Heidelberg University, the oldest in Ger- 

 many, was founded in 1386. It comprises facul- 

 ties of theology, law, medicine, and philosophy, 

 and has about 100 professors and lecturers. Its 

 students numbered about 1,500 before the War 

 of the Nations; of these many were Americans. 

 Many of Germany's most famous scholars have 

 been professors here. Its library consists of 

 about 50,000 volumes and 4,700 manuscripts. 

 Heidelberg was originally modeled after the 

 University of Paris, and at first was a Catholic 

 institution. After the Reformation it became 

 the stronghold of Protestant learning. In 1802 

 it was reorganized on a larger scale and since 

 has become one of the world-famous universi- 

 ties. The smart, peaked hats and broad corps 

 ribbons of the students add to the scenic fea- 

 tures of the neighborhood, and the jovial stu- 

 dent life is unique. The following is the begin- 

 ning of its famous college song: 



Old Heidelberg, thou fair one, 



Thou City rich in lore ; 

 The Neckar nor the Rhine vale 



Have cities honored more. 

 Belov'd by gleeful comrades 



With Wisdom filled and Wine ; 

 Thy river's glist'ning waters 



Shine forth like radiant eyes. 



HEILPRIN, hyle'prin, ANGELO (1853-1907), a 

 naturalist and traveler, and one of America's 

 leading authorities on the subjects of geography 

 and geology. Professor Heilprin was born in 

 Hungary, but emigrated to America with his 

 parents when three years of age. He completed 

 his education in Europe, studying in London, 

 Geneva and Vienna. He led the Peary relief 

 expedition to Greenland in 1892, and after the 

 eruption of Mount Pelee in 1902 made two 

 journeys to the island of Martinique and 

 climbed to the crater many times while the 

 volcano was in eruption. Among his best- 

 known works are The Geographical and Geo- 

 logical Distribution of Animals, The Earth and 

 Its Story and Alaska and the Klondike. One 

 of the greatest services he rendered was in con- 

 nection with the editorship of Lippincott's Geo- 

 graphical Gazetteer. 



HEIMDALL, haym' dahl, in Norse mythol- 

 ogy, the guardian of the bridge of the gods 

 against the attacks of the giants. According to 

 the popular legend of the Northland, he could 

 see as well by night as by day, could hear the 

 grass grow and required very little sleep. 



HEINE, hi'ne, HEINRICH (1799-1856), the 

 keenest satirist in German literature after 

 Goethe and the most gifted and graceful poet 

 of his century. He was the very embodiment 

 of the restless, discontented age; one of the 

 most important influences in modern German 

 letters, and an example of a splendid genius 

 not backed by strength of character. He was 

 bora at Diisseldorf and studied law at Bonn 

 and Berlin. In order to practice his profession, 

 he was compelled to renounce his Jewish faith. 

 His revolutionary tendencies, and especially his 

 open hero-worship of Napoleon, made him so 

 unpopular in Germany that he was obliged to 

 remove to Paris, where he was well received and 

 where he remained until his death. 



Nearly all his writings are either lyrical, auto- 

 biographical, journalistic or controversial. His 

 Book of Songs contains some of the choicest 

 gems of lyric poetry, many of which were set to 

 music by Schumann and Mendelssohn. A va- 

 cation trip through the Harz Mountains was 

 the inspiration of his famous Harz Journey, the 

 first of his series of Travel Pictures. These are 

 made up of biographical comments, satires and 

 religious and political discussions. During his 

 last years, when helpless with paralysis, he con- 

 tinued to work ; no bodily suffering could break 

 his creative power, and he wrote and jested to 

 the last. During these years of pain he pub- 

 lished his New Songs, a satirical political poem 



