HITTITES 



2803 



HOBART 



Plutarch 

 Polybius 



Prescott, William H. 

 Ranke, Leopold von 

 Renan, Ernest 

 Ridpath, John C. 

 Ross, Alexander 

 Sallust 

 Tacitus, Publius 



Corn-el ius 



Taine, Hippolyte A. 

 Thiers, Louis Adolphe 

 Thucydides 



Thwaites, Reuben Gold 

 Xenophon 



Hart, Albert Bushnell 

 Herodotus 

 Holinshed 

 Hume, David 

 , Josephus, Flavius 

 Lecky, William B. H. 

 Lodge, Henry Cabot 

 Lossing, B. J. 

 Macaulay, Thomas B. 

 McCarthy, Justin 

 McMaster, John B. 

 Michelet, Jules 

 Mommsen, Theodor 

 Motley, John L. 

 Nepos, Cornelius 

 Parkman, Francis 



HITTITES, hit'ites, descendants of. Heth, 

 who for centuries occupied the southern part 

 of Canaan, in the neighborhood of Hebron. At 

 a period long before the conquest Abraham 

 found them there, for it was from a Hittite 

 that he purchased the cave of Machpelah for 

 a tomb when his wife Sarah died. From 

 Egyptian and Assyrian sources much has been 

 found concerning the powerful influence of the 

 Hittites in early history, but after 400 years of 

 struggle with the Assyrians, they were con- 

 quered by Sargon in 717 B. c. From that time 

 the nation existed only in scattered fragments. 



HIVES, hyvz, a disease generally caused by 

 indigestion, appearing on the skin in white, 

 swollen patches which itch and burn intensely. 

 Eating such foods as fresh pork, lobster, crab 

 meat or some acid fruits seem to be a main 

 cause of hives, although stinging nettles also 

 raise the patches. ' Relief from the inflamma- 

 tion is obtained by taking a laxative, and 

 rubbing the spots with a solution of baking 

 soda. The disease is often called nettle rash, 

 while in Great Britain the term is loosely ap- 

 plied to croup and laryngitis. J.H.K. 



HOANG-HO, hwahng'ho, or YELLOW 

 RIVER, one of the two greatest rivers of 

 China, as concerns size, although commercially 

 unimportant. It has earned the name of 

 "China's Sorrow," on account of its liability to 

 frequent disastrous flooding. The most serious 

 flood took place in 1887, when an area of 

 nearly 50,000 square miles was inundated and 

 nearly a million persons perished. Next to the 

 Yang-tse-kiang, it is the largest river in China, 

 draining a basin with an area of more than 

 400,000 square miles. It rises in the marshy 

 district north of Tibet, flows in a generally 

 eastern direction until, after a course of 2,600 

 miles, it empties into the Gulf of Pe-chi-li, a 

 western extension of the Yellow Sea. 



The river derives its name from the vast 

 amount of yellow earth carried down by its 



waters. The sediment raises the bed so fre- 

 quently that the course of the river makes 

 many changes, cutting fresh channels in the 

 soft earth. For centuries dams and dikes have 

 been maintained to lessen the danger of floods. 

 Owing to its rapid current and the deposits of 

 earth the Hoang-ho has little value as a com- 

 mercial highway. 



HOAR, hohr, GEORGE FRISBIE (1826-1904), an 

 American lawyer and legislator, deeply-learned 

 and benevolent, and distinguished for having 

 served five six-year terms as United States 

 Senator. He was born at Concord, Mass., 

 was graduated from Harvard in 1846, and soon 

 after beginning his legal career became promi- 

 nently identified with the Free Soil and Repub- 

 lican parties. In 1852 he was elected to the 

 Massachusetts legislature, and he was a member 

 of the United States House of Representa- 

 tives from 1869 to 1877, when he was chosen 

 United States Senator by his state. He con- 

 sistently opposed the acquisition of foreign 

 territory by the United States (see IMPERIAL- 

 ISM), and although he supported President 

 McKinley for reelection he strongly disap- 

 proved of his Philippine policy as being con- 

 trary to American ideals. In addition to his 

 public offices, Senator Hoar served as regent 

 of the Smithsonian Institute and as president 

 of the American Historical Association. 



HO 'BART, prior to 1881 called HOBART 

 TOWN, is the capital of Tasmania, a large 

 island 150 miles south of Australia. The city 

 is beautifully situated on a bay of the Der- 

 went River, twelve miles from its mouth, and 

 is one of the flourishing cities in the Com- 

 monwealth of Australia. The surrounding 

 district is chiefly devoted to fruit growing. 

 The harbor is deep and well sheltered, and 

 accommodates the largest vessels. There is 

 regular steamship service between Hobart and 

 New Zealand and Australian ports, and all 

 liners sailing between London and New 

 Zealand make the city a port of call. From 

 Hobart Roald Amundsen sailed due south on 

 his voyage that resulted in the discovery of 

 the South Pole, and from that city the news 

 of his achievement was sent to the world. 



The chief industries are sawmilling, iron 

 founding, tanning and the manufacture of 

 woolen goods. On account of its invigorating 

 climate Hobart is a popular resort, and an 

 annual regatta held on the Derwent attracts 

 visitors from all parts of Australia. Popula- 

 tion, with suburbs spread out along the banks 

 of the river, 39,937 in 1912. 



