HONE 



2826 



HONEY 



Instruction is free and compulsory, but only 

 about 26,000 pupils attend the 900 primary 

 schools each year. There are some institutions 

 for higher education, including a central uni- 

 versity and normal school at the capital. The 

 prevailing religion is Roman Catholic, but all 

 creeds are permitted. 



Under a constitution adopted in 1894, execu- 

 tive authority is vested in a President elected 

 by popular vote for four years. Legislative 

 power rests with a Congress of Deputies chosen 

 by popular vote for four years, in the ratio 

 of one' deputy for every 10,000 people. For 

 administrative purposes the country is divided 

 into fifteen departments, or small states, over 

 each of which is a governor appointed by the 

 President. 



History. As with all the republics of Cen- 

 tral America, the history of Honduras is one 

 of Spanish rule and oppression, then revolt 

 and freedom, followed by internal dissensions. 

 The principal events will be found in the 

 article CENTRAL AMERICA. H.M.S. 



Related Subjects. For further information 

 on the subject of Honduras, the reader is re- 

 ferred to the following articles in these volumes : 

 Banana Tegucigalpa 



Central America Trade Winds 



Cocoanut Walker, William 



HONE. We use hones for sharpening scis- 

 sors, knives, chisels, razors and other tools on 

 which we wish to set a fine edge, and we use 

 whetstones for sharpening scythes, axes and 

 tools whose edge does not need to be so fine. 

 A hone, then, is a stone used for sharpening 

 edged tools. The difference between a hone 

 and a whetstone is in quality only. Whet- 

 stones are made of sandstone and are coarse 

 grained; hones are made of a different stone 

 and are fine grained. Carborundum (which 

 see) is now used for many of the finest hones, 

 though a clay rock known as novaculite, if 

 of good quality, cannot be surpassed. The 

 finest novaculite hones in the world are found 

 in Arkansas. A pine log which has been under 

 water long enough to be turned to stone fur- 

 nishes excellent hones, but this source of sup- 

 ply is naturally limited. The surface of a 

 hone should be smooth and even, and oil or 

 lather made from soap should 6e placed on it 

 when if is used. 



HONEY, hun'i, a syruplike liquid, of spicy 

 sweetness and pleasing taste and flavor, one 

 of Mother Nature's most welcome contribu- 

 tions to the food of man. To provide him 

 with this agreeable delicacy she placed nectar 



within the flowers, and she taught the honey- 

 bee how to convert it into a delectable and 

 nutritious food. This is explained in the arti- 

 cle BEE, subtitle The Honeybee. 



The flavor and color of honey vary accord- 

 ing to the flower from which the nectar is 

 obtained, that from white clover being one of 

 the most agreeable of the light-colored varie- 

 ties. An excellent dark-colored honey is made 

 from the nectar of the buckwheat. Because of 

 its high percentage of carbohydrates (mainly 



Water, 18,2 



Protein, 0.4 



Ash, .0.2 



COMPOSITION OF HONEY 

 Its fuel value is 1475 calories per pound. It is 

 therefore equal to the best round steak as a heat 

 producer. 



grape sugar and fruit sugar) , honey is quite nu- 

 tritious, but only a small quantity should be 

 eaten at one time, and not oftener than at three 

 or four meals in a week. In addition to its use 

 as a food, it is often found in cough prepara- 

 tions, and it is also valued for its mildly laxa- 

 tive properties. In Oriental countries honey is 

 used extensively in 'making cakes and sweet- 

 meats and in preserving fruit. 



The production of honey for the market and 

 for domestic use has become an industry of 

 great importance. A detailed description of 

 this industry may be found in the article BEE, 

 under the subhead Bee-Keeping, page 652. In 

 amount of honey produced the United States 

 leads the world, with an annual output of about 

 62,000,000 pounds, valued at over $6,000,000: 

 Canada produces over 6,000,000 pounds a year, 

 with a proportionate value. The chief Euro- 

 pean countries in this industry are, in order, 

 Germany, Spain, Austria-Hungary, France, Hol- 

 land, Belgium, Greece, Russia and Denmark. 



As the ancients possessed no other form of 

 sugar, honey was prized very highly by them. 

 To the Hebrews it was the symbol of abun- 

 dance; Jehovah, in Exodus III, 17, gives the 

 promise to Moses that the Children of Israel 

 shall be led from Egypt into a "land flowing 

 with milk and honey." Many allusions to it are 

 found in Greek and Roman writings. 



