HYMNS AND HYMN TUNES 



2894 



HYMNS AND HYMN TUNES 



Henrik Tollens ; music by J. W. Wilms (1800). 



France ; La Marseillaise. Claude Joseph Rou- 

 get de Lisle (1792). See MARSEILLAISE, THE. 



Germany ; Die Wacht ain Rhein, Max Schneck- 

 enburger (1840). See WACHT AM RHEIN. 



Great Britain ; God Save the King, probably by 

 Henry Carey (about 1740). 



Greece ; Sons of Greece, Come, Arise. 



Italy; Air Royal March, by Gabetti. 



Japan (translated) ; May the Empire Last. 



Mexico ; Mexicans at the Cry of War, by Nuno. 



Norway ; Song for Norway. Words by Bjorn- 

 son ; music by R. Nordraak. 



Russia ; Before the forced abdication of Czar 

 Nicholas in March, 1917, the national hymn was 

 God Protect the Czar. Words by Zhukovsky ; 

 music, by General Alexis Lwoff (1830?). 



Spain ; Hiinn de Riego. Music by Herta. 



Sweden ; Out of the Swedish Heart. 



United States ; Star Spangled Banner. Words 

 by Francis Scott Key, music by John S. Smith ; 

 and Hail Columbia; words by Joseph Hopkin- 

 son (1798). See STAR SPANGLED BANNER; HAIL 

 COLUMBIA. 



The following are popular hymns widely used 

 upon patriotic occasions in the various countries 

 named : 



United States ; Yankee Doodle, Dixie, My Coun- 

 try 'Tis of Thee, The Battle Hymn of the Repub- 

 lic, Marching Through Georgia, Columbia the 

 Gem of the Ocean. 



Germany; Heil dir im SiegerTcranz (Prussia) ; 

 Deutschland iiber Alles. 



See HYMNS AND HYMN TUNES. R.D.M. 



HYMNS AND HYMN TUNES 



.YMNS AND HYMN TUNES. The 

 songs which bring peace and comfort, hope 

 and faith to all hearts have been a part of 

 religious services from the earliest days of 

 history. Rhythm and melody naturally react 

 upon the religious sentiment of people and 

 create an influence for good which it is impos- 

 sible to estimate in words. For the origin and 

 idea of Christian hymnody we must look to 

 Hebrew sources. The core of the Hebrew 

 religion and worship lay within its religious 

 songs, and it is generally conceded that the 

 Hebrew Psalter, taken as a whole, has never 

 been equaled. These songs include the famous 

 Song of Miriam, The Nineteenth Psalm, the 

 Song of Deborah and the Song of Barak. 

 Solomon and David are regarded as the great 

 psalmists of Israel. In the New Testament 

 the hymn note is changed exalting a Person 

 and not a race. The saintliness of the early 

 Christian ages survives in many Greek and 

 Latin hymns, among them being Come, Holy 

 Spirit, which belonged to the early medieval 

 period; Dies Irae (Day of Wrath), by Thomas 

 de Calano (who died in 1226) ; and Stabat 

 Mater (The Mother Stood), by Jacobus de 

 Benedictis (who died in 1306). 



The Protestant Reformation was borne for- 

 ward on waves of sacred song, and by the 

 introduction of the use of the language of 

 everyday life and popular music for hymns, 



Martin Luther exerted a permanent influence 

 on hymn-writing, not only upon Germany but 

 upon all Europe. His own hymns, thirty- 

 seven in number, of which about twelve are 

 translations or adaptations from Latin origi- 

 nals, are among the best-known of the Church. 

 The favorite of these, A Mighty Fortress is 

 Our God, is known as the "Battle Hymn of 

 the Reformation." 



After the Reformation, the development of 

 hymnody was retarded in England. However, 

 not to be overlooked are the hymns of Milton 

 (written about 1629) and those of Jeremy Tay- 

 lor (1630-1667). The English Independents, 

 as represented by Isaac Watts (1674-1748), have 

 a just claim to be considered the real founders 

 of modern English hymnology. Watts' hymns, 

 which were very numerous and popular, were 

 written especially to follow sermons, reinforc- 

 ing the truths brought out. Many of his songs 

 are sung in churches of the present day, espe- 

 cially O God, Our Help in Ages Past and When 

 I Survey the Wondrous Cross. The Wesleys 

 and the men who gathered about them were 

 prolific hymn writers, and they produced some 

 of the best hymns in the history of the Church. 

 Charles Wesley (1707-1788) alone wrote over 

 6,000 hymns, almost 400 of which are still com- 

 monly used. 



The hymns of more modern days seem to 

 have been inspired by some religious move- 



