INDIANS 



2969 



INDIANS 



Indian affairs throughout Canada. All matters 

 relating to the Indians are in charge of a 

 Department of Indian Affairs, at whose head is 

 a superintendent-general, usually the Minister 

 of the Interior. The interests of the Indians 

 are carefully guarded by law; all property 

 held for them can pass from their possession 

 by sale or lease only by their own consent, 

 and the proceeds of all such transfers are in- 

 vested for their sole advantage. They are 

 enfranchised whenever they can meet qualifi- 

 cations imposed by law. In Manitoba, Brit- 



About 25,000 Indians attend school in the 

 United States. Besides the day schools and 

 the boarding schools situated on the reserva- 

 tions, the government maintains the Carlisle 

 School (see UNITED STATES INDIAN INDUSTRIAL 

 AND TRAINING SCHOOL) and a few others in 

 the non-Indian portions of the country, where 

 the pupils may come in contact with civiliza- 

 tion. The average annual expenditure on all 

 the Indian schools is about $150 for each pupil. 

 The Five Civilized Tribes in Oklahoma main- 

 tain their own schools. 



I I LE55 THAN 1000 

 1,000 TO 5POO 

 5,000 TO 10,000 

 10,000 TO 15,000 

 15,000 TO 20,000 

 20,000 TO 30,000 

 30,000 AND OVER 



DISTRIBUTION OF INDIAN POPULATION 

 The Indians of the United States, as they were located in 1910. 



ish Columbia, and the Northwest Territories 

 they arc denied votes, but in the other prov- 

 inces if an Indian possesses and occupies a 

 distinct tract of land in an Indian reserve, the 

 improvements on which are worth at least 

 $150, he is qualified as a voter. Agents live 

 on the Indian reserve and government inspec- 

 tors visit each agency from time to time to 

 see that the interests of the Indians are pro- 

 tected. 



Indian Education. Since 1819 in the United 

 States and since Confederation in Canada in 

 1867 there has been systematic government 

 supervision of Indian education. Earlier in- 

 struction of the natives was by missionaries. 



The policy of the government provides for 

 each Indian, first a thorough knowledge of 

 elementary subjects such as English, arithme- 

 tic, geography, and United States history, and 

 then for the boys, training in a special trade 

 or profession, and for the girls, instruction in 

 home-making. 



In Canada the number of Indians at school 

 is usually about 7,000. There are more schools 

 under government supervision than in the 

 United States, partly because the natives are 

 more widely distributed. Most of the schools 

 are controlled by one Church or another, 

 whereas in the United States the government 

 now extends no aid to denominational schools. 



