JACKSON 



3100 



JACKSON 



From 1851 until the outbreak of the War 

 of Secession, Jackson held a professorship in 

 the Virginia Military Institute, at Lexington. 

 Though others excelled him as a teacher, his 

 life and character were a lasting influence for 

 good, especially among the negroes. He was 

 deeply and sincerely religious, and his Chris- 

 tian faith was the mainspring of every act of 

 his life. Years after, when a bronze monument 

 was to be erected to his memory in Richmand, 

 the first contribution came from the colored 

 Baptist Church of Lexington, though he had 

 fought valiantly to maintain slavery. 



Jackson gave himself whole-heartedly to the 

 cause of the Confederacy, though he would 

 have rejoiced to see the Union preserved. 

 After the Battle of Bull Run he was promoted 

 to the rank of major general, and in a cam- 

 paign in the Shenandoah Valley against Gen- 

 eral Banks not only won important victories 

 but completely baffled the Federal command- 

 ers, who tried in vain to trap him. In June, 

 1862, he joined Lee in the defense of Rich- 

 mond against McClellan, later fought against 

 Pope in the second Battle of Bull Run, and 

 gave brilliant aid to his commander in the 

 battles of Antietam and Fredericksburg. In 

 May, 1863, while reconnoitering after dark, 

 on the evening following the first day of the 

 Battle of Chancellorsville, he was accidentally 

 shot by Confederate outposts. His death more 

 than offset the victorj^ over the Federals, and 

 Lee declared that he had lost his right arm. 

 Jackson was buried, in accordance with his 

 wish, at Lexington, where a statue and memo- 

 rial hall perpetuate his memory. B.M.W. 



Consult White's Stonewall Jackson; McGuire 

 and Christian's The Confederate Cause and Con- 

 duct of the War Between the States. 



JACKSON, MICH., an important manufac- 

 turing city aud distributing point of the state, 

 and the county seat of Jackson County. It is 

 situated on both banks of the Grand River in 

 the southern part 'of the state, about midway 

 between the eastern and western borders. Lan- 

 sing is thirty-seven miles north and Detroit 

 is seventy-five miles east and north. The im- 

 portance of Jackson as a distributing point is 

 due to the transportation facilities offered by 

 the main lines and branches of the Michigan 

 Central, the Cincinnati Northern, the Cleve- 

 land, Cincinnati, Chicago & Saint Louis and 

 the Grand Trunk railways. Interurban lines 

 connect with important cities in the state, west, 

 north and east. The population in 1916 was 

 35,363, by Federal estimate, an increase of 



3,930 since 1910. The area is a little less than 

 nine square miles. 



The region surrounding JacKson is rich in 

 agricultural products, and there is a large trade 

 in fruits, grain and vegetables, the most dis- 

 tinctive product being beans. The chief manu- 

 factures are flour, soap, starch, automobiles 

 and accessories, pianos, corsets, underwear, 

 wheels, engines, locomotives, cigars, Portland 

 cement, iron and steel products and textiles. 

 About 9,000 people are employed in the various 

 industries of the city; besides, the car shops 

 of the Michigan Central Railroad, located here, 

 employ about 1,200. The notable buildings are 

 the Federal building, Michigan State Prison, 

 Masonic Temple, Elks' Temple, courthouse and 

 Carnegie Library. A fine park system covers 

 650 acres. 



The first permanent settlement was made in 

 1829 by Horace Blackman; it was named 

 Jacksonburgh in 1830 in honor of Andrew Jack- 

 son, seventh President of the United States. 

 A post office was established in the same year 

 and called Jacksonapolis, the present name 

 being given the town in 1838. With the con- 

 struction of the Michigan Central Railroad 

 through the southern part of the state in 1841, 

 the growth of the town began. It became a 

 village in 1843, was incorporated as a city in 

 1857 and adopted the commission form of gov- 

 ernment, with four commissioners, in 1915. At 

 a convention held here July 6, 1854, the Na- 

 tional Republican party was organized. P.A.L. 



JACKSON, Miss., the capital and largest 

 city of the state, an important cotton mark( 

 and the county seat of Hinds County. It 

 on the west bank of the Pearl River, forty- 

 five miles east of Vicksburg and the Mississipj 

 River, and is 183 miles north of New Orleai 

 La., and 227 miles south of Memphis, Tei 

 It is served by the Alabama & Vicksburg, 

 Illinois Central, the Yazoo & Mississippi Val- 

 ley, the New Orleans & Great Northern ai 

 the Gulf & Ship Island railroads, and by srm 

 freight and passenger steamboats. During tl 

 decade from 1900 to 1910 the population 

 almost trebled, increasing from 7,816 to 21, 

 In 1916 it was estimated at 29,737 by the Ce 

 sus Bureau; of these about fifty per cent w( 

 white and fifty per cent were negroes. Tl 

 area of the city is ten square miles. 



Interesting features of Jackson are Smit 

 Poindexter anti Livingstone parks, the old ar 

 the new Capitol buildings, the Federal build- 

 ing and governor's mansion, a statue of Jeffer- 

 son Davis and a Confederate monument, and 



