JACKSONVILLE 



3102 



JACOB 



prises include ship yards, iron foundries, brick 

 yards, steam engineering works, cigar, carriage, 

 ice, mattress and palmetto-fiber factories and 

 lumber and planing mills. Jacksonville is the 

 center of an extensive trade with towns 

 throughout the state and on the coast. 



A settlement at Jacksonville in 1816 pre- 

 ceded the town, which was laid out in 1822 

 and named in honor of General Andrew Jack- 

 son, Florida's first territorial governor. In 

 1833 the place was incorporated as a city. Dur- 

 ing the War of Secession it was occupied at 

 three different times by Federal troops, and in 

 the Spanish-American War was a coaling sta- 

 tion and point of embarkation for troops and 

 supplies. In 1888 it was visited by a severe 

 epidemic of yellow fever; in 1901 a great fire 

 destroyed more than half of the business sec- 

 tion and many private dwellings, causing a 

 property loss of $15,000,000. 



JACKSONVILLE, ILL., a city of homes and 

 schools, and the county seat of Morgan 

 County, situated in the west-central part of the 

 state, thirty-six miles west and south of Spring- 

 field and ninety-five miles north of Saint Louis. 

 It is on the Wabash (the first railroad in the 

 Mississippi Valley), the Chicago, Burlington & 

 Quincy, the Chicago, Peoria & Saint Louis and 

 the Chicago & Alton railroads. The area is 

 nearly six square miles. The population in 

 1910 was 15,326; in 1916 it was 15,481, by a 

 Census Bureau estimate. 



The city is built upon rolling prairie land. 

 Near by are Morgan Lake and Dunkan Park, 

 attractive pleasure resorts, and the Morgan 

 County Fair grounds. In Nichols Park is held 

 an annual festival and Chautauqua. Jackson- 

 ville is the home of a number of schools, in- 

 cluding Illinois College, a Presbyterian school 

 founded in 1829, the oldest institution of higher 

 education in the state, with which is affiliated 

 the Illinois Conservatory of Music; the Illi- 

 nois Woman's College (Methodist Episcopal) ; 

 Routt College (Roman Catholic); Whipple 

 Academy, a preparatory school for Illinois Col- 

 lege; and several private schools and business 

 colleges. An open-air school is maintained. 



Among the benevolent and charitable institu- 

 tions are the state hospital for the insane, state 

 schools for the blind and the deaf and dumb, 

 Passavant Memorial Hospital, the Hospital of 

 Our Saviour and several private hospitals. 

 Prominent buildings include a $60,000 Federal 

 building, armory, opera house, Y. M. C. A. 

 building, courthouse, city hall and a Carnegie 

 Library, 



The city is a trading center for a large sur- 

 rounding agricultural section, in the vicinity 

 are rich coal deposits and gas and oil wells. 

 The industrial enterprises include large bridge 

 works, woolen and planing mills, packing 

 houses and cigar factories. 



Jacksonville, which was named in honor of 

 Andrew Jackson, was founded as the county 

 seat in 1825. It was incorporated as a town in 

 1840, chartered as a city in 1867 and rechar- 

 tered in 1887. Before the War of Secession it 

 was a station of the famous "Underground 

 railroad" and was the home of Stephen A. 

 Douglas. In 1911 the commission form of gov- 

 ernment was adopted. H.J.R. 



JACK 'STONES, a game popular among 

 children, played with five small pebbles or 

 pieces of iron made especially for the pur- 

 pose. There are several different forms of the 

 game, but all of them consist in tossing the 

 pebbles or iron forms into the air and catching 

 them on the back or palm of the hand in 

 various ways agreed upon by the players. In 

 Ones, the pebbles are held in the hand; the 

 jack (any one of the five) is then tossed into 

 the air; the remaining four are quickly laid 

 down, and the jack is caught before it can 

 land. Other forms are known by fanciful 

 names, such as Peas in the Pod, Riding the 

 Elephant and Set the Table. 



JACK 'STRAWS, a game played with from 

 twenty to 100 small pieces of wood or ivory 

 of uniform size, from four to six inches in 

 length, carved to represent different kinds of 

 tools and implements. After the sticks have 

 been thrown together in a loose heap in the 

 center of a table, each player in turn extracts 

 as ma,ny of them as possible, one at a time, 

 without moving any of those left in the heap. 

 The player uses a tiny hook to remove the 

 sticks or straws from the center pile, and when- 

 ever he moves more than one straw at a time 

 he loses his turn to the next player. When all 

 the straws are gone from the center, the player 

 who has secured the greatest number wins the 

 game. 



JACOB, ja'kob, tke true ancestor of the 

 Hebrew nation, and the twin brother of Esau, 

 whose birthright he bought for a mess of pot- 

 tage. 'When his father Isaac was 137 years old 

 and nearly blind, Jacob, by dressing like his 

 brother, secured the blessing which went with 

 the birthright. Upon discovering the decep- 

 tion Esau was very angry and threatened to 

 kill Jacob, so the latter departed for Haran 

 on the pretext of seeking a wife. He stayed 



