JAMES 



3108 



JAMES 



JAMES, CHARLES CANNIFF (1863- ), a 

 Canadian chemist and agriculturist, appointed 

 agricultural commissioner for the Dominion of 

 Canada in 1913. He was born at Napanee, 

 Ont., and was graduated from Victoria College 

 (Cobourg) in 1883. The next three years he 

 spent in special studies, and from 1886 to 1891 

 he was assistant master of the Cobourg Colle- 

 giate Institute. He then became professor of 

 chemistry in the Ontario Agricultural College, 

 and from 1891 to 1912 was also Deputy Min- 

 ister of Agriculture for Ontario. During this 

 period the work of the department was greatly 

 extended, to a large degree as the result of his 

 1 efforts. 



In 1912 Dr. James was appointed a special 

 commissioner to investigate agricultural condi- 

 tions and needs throughout the Dominion,' and 

 to prepare a plan for cooperation between the 

 provinces and^the Dominion government. The 

 result of Dr. James' studies and recommenda- 

 tions was the Agricultural Education Act of 

 1913, sometimes called the Burrell Act. By 

 this act the Dominion Parliament appropriated 

 $10,000,000, to be spent within ten years, to 

 assist the provinces in carrying on education 

 and demonstrations in agriculture. This 

 amount is divided among the provinces accord- 

 ing to population. The administration of this 

 act is Dr. James' work since 1913. Early in 

 1914 the Dominion government also appointed 

 him a member of a board of enquiry into the 

 high cost of living. The report of this board 

 was issued in 1915. 



Dr. James has been an active member of 

 the Board of Regents of Victoria College (now 

 affiliated with University of Toronto), and has 

 written numerous books, among which are a 

 Text Book in Agriculture; Agricultural Work 

 in Ontario; The Teaching of Agriculture in 

 Public Schools; The First Legislators of Upper 

 Canada, 1792-1796, and several other studies in 

 Canadian histo'ry. G.H.L. 



JAMES, EDMUND JANES (1855- ), an 

 American educator, economist and university 

 president, was born at Jacksonville, 111., studied 

 at Northwestern and Harvard universities and 

 at Halle, in Germany. In 1878 he became 

 principal of the high school at Evanston, 111., 

 in the next year removed to Normal, 111., to 

 become principal of the Model High School 

 at the state normal, and in 1884 became pro- 

 fessor of political and social science in the Uni- 

 versity of Pennsylvania. There he remained 

 for eleven years, resigning in 1895 to accept 

 a position at the University of Chicago as pro- 



fessor of public administration and director of 

 the extension division. In 1902 he became 

 president of Northwestern University, and two 

 years later president of the University of Illi- 

 nois. 



He has interested himself in many public 

 movements of importance and has served as 

 president of the American Economic Associa- 

 tion, the American Academy of Political and 

 Social Science and the Illinois Association for 

 the Prevention of Tuberculosis. His publica- 

 tions include Relations of the Modern Munici- 

 pality to the Gas Supply, The Canal and the 

 Railway, The Federal Constitution of Ger- 

 many, Charters of the City of Chicago and 

 Government of a Typical German City Halle. 



JAMES, HENRY (1843-1916), a writer whose 

 work is distinguished by delicate observation 

 and compelling emphasis. He was born an 

 American, but died a British subject. His 

 first novel, Watch and Ward, was promising, 

 but did not show 

 much skill. In 

 1875 he published 

 Roderick Hud- 

 son, which ranks 

 favorably with 

 his later novels. 

 His early work 

 contains more 

 humor, swifter 

 action, and 

 greater simplicity 

 than his later 



productions. 



He has been defined as "a 



After he pub- kind of supercivilized con- 

 lished several noisseur of the emotions." 

 short stories, The American, a careful portrayal 

 of a genuine American, appeared in 1877. In 

 1881 Washington Square appeared, with scenes 

 drawn from New York's old aristocratic 

 neighborhood where famous Fifth Avenue be- 

 gins. Some of his best character portrayals 

 are found in The Portrait of a Lady, which is 

 among his most popular novels. Notwith- 

 standing the great length of The Tragic Muse, 

 it is one of James' notably successful works. 

 It is a very complicated story, one of his most 

 difficult in structure. His other middle-period 

 novels include Daisy Miller; A Passionate Pil- 

 grim; The Princess Casamassima; The Sacred 

 Fount; The Awkward Age; The Soft Side; The 

 Better Sort and The Bostonians. His later 

 novels are distinguished by the most artful 

 psychological analysis, and by a peculiarly in- 

 volved and complex style. 



