JERROLD 



3140 



JERSEY CITY 



champion of John Huss, and it was his vigor- 

 ous vindication of Huss's principles that cost 

 him his life. Together they waged an ener- 

 getic fight against the faults of the Church 

 and the corruptness of the clergy. Huss was 

 thrown into prison in 1415 and Jerome hurried 

 to his defense, but was arrested and put into 

 chains. After a great dee I of suffering he 

 agreed to disavow his opinions of the Church, 

 but later strongly defended his heresies and 

 the principles of Huss and Wycliffe. He was 

 burned at the stake May 30, 1416, and his 

 ashes were thrown into the River Rhine. See 

 Huss, JOHN. 



JERROLD, jer'old, DOUGLAS (1803-1857), an 

 English dramatist, essayist and humorist, 

 remembered chiefly for his humorous sketches, 

 Mrs. Caudle's Curtain Lectures, and for his 

 successful play, Black-Eyed Susan. The latter, 

 produced in 1829 at the Surrey Theater, Lon- 

 don, ran for 300 successive nights. He was 

 born in London, and at the age of ten became 

 a midshipman in the navy; two years later he 

 apprenticed himself to a printer in London. 

 By hard study he acquired a knowledge of 

 Italian and Latin, but discovered that the 

 bent of his genius lay in dramatic writing. 

 After the production of Black-Eyed Susan he 

 wrote several dramas that attracted attention, 

 including Time Works Wonders, Nell Gwynne 

 and Rent Day. He also acted as literary critic 

 on the staff of Punch and founded the Illumi- 

 nated Magazine and Douglas Jerrold's Shil- 

 ling Magazine. His popular Mrs. Caudle's 

 Curtain Lectures, the Story of a Feather and 

 other witty stories were written for Punch. 

 His best novels include The Mad Mode of 

 Money and the Chronicles of Clovernook. His 

 Life and Works was edited by his son, Blanch- 

 ard Jerrold, and in 1903 a volume of his essays 

 was edited b> his grandson, Walter Jerrold. 



JERSEY, jer'zi, the largest of the Channel 

 Islands, in the English Channel, famous for 

 its excellent breed of cattle. On this island 

 they are raised in large numbers, and from it 

 they receive their name. Jersey is located 

 fifteen miles off the northwest coast of France. 

 Its rugged northern coast slopes into a well- 

 wooded table-land on the interior, where wheat 

 arid large quantities of grapes, peaches, melons 

 and tomatoes are raised for exportation. The 

 principal town, Saint Helier, which lies on the 

 southern coast of the island, is overtowered 

 by the imposing medieval castle of Mont 

 OrgUeil, while a short railroad connects it with 

 Gorey and Saint Aubin. The island has an 



area of forty-five square miles, being only 

 eleven miles long and four to six miles wide, 

 but its population numbers over 50,000. 



JERSEY CITY, N. J., the second largest 

 city in the state, is the county seat of Hudson 

 County and the most important suburb of 

 New York City. The population in 1910 was 

 267,779; in 1916 it had increased to 306,345, 

 of whom about sixty-eight per cent were for- 

 eign born. The city occupies thirteen square 

 miles on a peninsula formed by the Hudson 

 River and Upper New York Bay on the east 

 and south and the Hackensack River and New- 

 ark Bay on the west. Directly east across the 

 Hudson is the lower end of New York City. 

 Ferries constantly cross the river between the 

 cities, and under the river tunnels extend to 

 Dey Street, Thirty-third Street and Sixth 

 Avenue. Jersey City is the terminus of a 

 large number of railroads, which enter the sta- 

 tions of the New Jersey, the Erie, the Lehigh 

 Valley and the West Shore roads. Interurban 

 lines operate to neighboring New Jersey towns. 

 Transatlantic and coast steamers dock at exten- 

 sive wharves on the east water front. 



Bergen Hill, a continuation of the Palisades 

 of the Hudson, extends through the city, ris- 

 ing in the northern part in a high, steep bluff. 

 Hudson County Boulevard, a magnificent road, 

 nineteen miles long and nearly 100 feet wide, 

 follows the crest of the hill and extends 

 through beautiful West Side Park, a play- 

 ground of 207 acres. There are many smaller 

 parks throughout the city. Handsome ave- 

 nues and residences occupy the hill, while in 

 the lower section to the east are the manu- 

 facturing and shipping industries. 



Buildings and Institutions. Prominent 

 buildings include the city hall, in front 

 which is a soldiers' and sailors' monument, 

 $1,000,000 Federal building, a courthouse, 

 school, People's Palace, Jersey Central Ter 

 minal, armory, the Saint Francis, Christ ai 

 city hospitals, a public library and a museui 

 containing many colonial documents of histori< 

 interest. 



The important educational institutions 

 Lightfoot Institute, City Normal School, Jer 

 sey City Dental College, Saint Peter's Acad- 

 emy, Saint Aloysius Academy and Mam 

 Hall. There are also many benevolent 

 charitable organizations. 



Industries. Jersey City is a shipping ai 

 receiving port of importance; its figures, he 

 ever, are included in those of the port of New 

 York. There are extensive slaughtering and 



