JOB 



3154 



JOFFRE 



lor, an opera by Balfe, and an historical novel 

 by Mark Twain. The English poet Southey 

 published his poem, Joan of Arc, in 1796, and 

 the French poets and writers have never 

 stopped writing about her. 



The cottage in which she was born still 

 stands, preserved as a monument to her 

 memory. Within is a copy of a beautiful 

 statue of her, done by Marie d'Orleans, daugh- 

 ter of Louis Philippe. The spot in the market 

 place in Rouen where she met her death is also 

 marked by a statue. Another beautiful figure 

 of her stands in the Place des Pyramides, in 

 Paris, and there are monuments to her memory 

 in countless towns and villages in France. 

 The Metropolitan Museum in New York con- 

 tains a beautiful painting of the Maid of 

 Orleans by Bastien Lepage, and the Art Insti- 

 tute at Chicago has a great canvas by Boutet 

 de Monvel, the French artist, who painted the 

 six panels illustrating the career of "La Pucelle" 

 for the church built to her memory at Dom- 

 remy, her birthplace. On Riverside Drive, 

 New York City, a great equestrian statue of 

 Joan was placed in 1915. M.R.T. 



Consult Catherwood's Days of Jeanne d'Arc; 

 Lowell's Joan of Arc; Lang's Story of Joan of 

 Arc. 



Related Subjects. The reader is referred to 

 the following 1 articles in these volumes : 

 Charles (France) Hundred Years' War 



France, subtitle Orleans 



History Rheims 



JOB, johb, according to the Biblical narra- 

 tive, was a wealthy chieftain living in the land 

 of Uz about three centuries before Christ. His 

 faithful spirit was sorely tried not only by 

 the loss of his family and all his possessions, 

 but also by having a serious disease attack him. 

 Satan, who thought that Job's pious nature was 

 a result of his prosperity, was allowed to try 

 him by these misfortunes, but he remained 

 steadfast in his allegiance to God in spite of 

 his wife's tempting him to "curse God" and 

 end his suffering. 



The patience with which he endured his 

 afflictions has become proverbial. Falstaff 

 says in the second act of Henry IV, Part II, 

 "I am as poor as Job, my lord, but not so 

 patient." In the midst of Job's hardships 

 three friends, Eliphaz, Bildad and Zophar, ap- 

 peared to tell him that all his trouble was the 

 result of sin, but, although he bewailed his 

 suffering and wondered at God's plan, he in- 

 sisted that he had done nothing to merit it. 

 Finally he decided that some time everything 



would be made right (Job XIX, 25-26), and he 

 was restored to more than Tiis original pros- 

 perity, living 140 years in happiness. 



In the Campo Santo, Pisa, is a series of six 

 frescoes representing various periods in the 

 life of Job, from the time he was a chieftain 

 in Uz until his return to prosperity. Although 

 it was long attributed to Giotto, Volterra is 

 now considered the sculptor who did the work 

 in 1370. 



Book of Job, an ancient Hebrew poem which 

 forms one of the books of the Old Testament. 

 Although the date of writing is unknown, it 

 must have been soon after the death of Job, 

 who is the hero of the story. The book 

 teaches that trust in God will bring events to 

 happy conclusions, even though they may ap- 

 pear all wrong for a time, and that afflictions 

 are not necessarily the result of sin. 



JOFFRE, zho'j.r', JOSEPH JACQUES CESAIRE 

 (1852- ), commander-in-chief of the French 

 armies in the War of the Nations until the 

 fall of 1916, thereafter marshal of France and 

 chief military adviser. When in 1911 his ap- 

 pointment to the 

 highest military 

 position in the 

 republic was an- 

 nounced, few had 

 ever heard of him, 

 and so modest 

 and retiring is he 

 that in the ensu- 

 ing three years 

 he was scarcely 

 ever brought into 

 public notice. 

 But his success in 

 breaking the wave 

 of German inva- 

 sion at the battle 

 of the Marne, in 

 September, 1914, 



when the Germans expected to enter Paris wit 

 a week, gained him the complete confidence 

 the French people, and his subsequent condi 

 of his armies won him the admiration of 

 world. He was decorated with the Cross of 

 Legion of Honor, and was the dominant mil 

 tary man of the great war. In May, 1917, 

 and Minister Viviani, with numerous assistant 

 were sent to the United States by France 

 confer with the American government relate 

 to cooperation during the war. The itinei 

 extended westward as far as Chicago and 

 Louis, and everywhere Marshal Joffre was 



The successful general 

 the allied forces in one of 

 mort critical moments of 

 world's history. 



