JOKAI 



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JOLIET 



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 tered either by the Dominion or by a provincial 

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JOKAI, yo'kahe, MAURUS (1825-1904), an 

 Hungarian novelist whose works, which include 

 almost 300 volumes, present a splendid pano- 

 rama of the political and social life of his 

 country during the nineteenth century. His 

 writings embrace novels, romances, dramas, 

 humorous essays and poems. He gained fame, 

 too, as the editor of a revolutionary weekly, 

 a political daily and a humorous weekly. He 

 was a prominent figure in the Hungarian revo- 

 lution of 1848, and the entire revolutionary 

 period, as well as his own imprisonment and 

 escape, furnished the settings and plots for 

 many of his best-known novels. Among these 

 are The Hungarian Nabob, The New Landlord, 

 Black Diamonds, The Modern Midas, The 

 Comedians of Life and God is One. He also 

 wrote a History of Hungary which is held in 

 high repute, and the dramas, King Koloman 

 and the Martyrs of Szigetvar. His skill as a 

 narrator is enhanced by a vivid imagination, a 

 great sense of humor and an intimate knowl- 

 edge of Hungarian life. 



JOLIET, jo'liet, ILL., a busy manufacturing 

 city in the northeastern part of the state, about 

 forty miles southwest of Chicago. It is the 

 county seat of Will County, and is situated on 

 the Des Plaines River and on the Illinois and 

 Michigan Canal. The Chicago, Rock Island & 

 Pacific, the Chicago & Alton, the Atchison, 

 Topeka & Santa Fe, the Michigan Central and 

 two local lines provide transportation facilities; 

 these afford connections with thirty-nine trunk 

 lines, operating from Chicago. An electric 

 system links Joliet with cities in Indiana, Ohio, 

 Wisconsin, Missouri and Illinois. The first 

 permanent settlement was made in 1831; it 

 was incorporated as a city in 1845 and named 

 for Louis Joliet, who with Marquette visited 

 the locality in 1673. The commission form of 

 government, with five elective officers, was 

 adopted in 1915. In 1910 the population was 

 34,670; it increased to 38,010 by 1916 (Federal 

 estimate) ; about seventy-five per cent of these 

 are Americans. The area is about four square 

 miles. 



Joliet is so extensively engaged in the manu- 

 facture of steel products that it is locally 



known as The Steel City. The steel and wire 

 mills employ about 8,000 men; the steel works 

 and the coke ovens, consequent upon the steel 

 industry, rank with the largest plants of their 

 kind in the United States. Manufactures are 

 largely promoted by the water power furnished 

 by the river and canal. Besides the steel mills 

 there are important manufactories of stoves, 

 boilers and agricultural implements. Several 

 thousand people are employed in the large 

 quarries of Silurian limestone, called Joliet 

 limestone, which is found in the vicinity. 



The most notable building of the city is the 

 state penitentiary, an imposing structure built 

 of Joliet limestone. Others worthy of note are 

 a $200,000 Federal building erected in 1892; 

 a $140,000 public library, with over 15,000 vol- 

 umes, and the township high school, which is 

 not surpassed by many larger cities. In addi- 

 tion to the public schools there are Saint Mary 

 and Saint Francis academies and a business col- 

 lege. The Illinois Steel Company Athenaeum 

 was established for the benefit of the employees 

 of the company. It contains a library of 7,000 

 volumes, billiard rooms, bowling alleys, a swim- 

 ming pool, baths and an entertainment hall. 

 West Park, Highland Park and Delwood Park 

 are the amusement and recreation grounds of 

 the city. Joliet is the residence of a large 

 number of people who have business interests 

 in Chicago. 



JOLIET, zholya', Louis (1645-1700), a 

 Canadian explorer who gave the world its first 

 definite knowledge of the Mississippi River. 

 He was educated for the priesthood in the 

 Jesuit College at Quebec, his native city. He 

 was always fond of adventure and early in life 

 made several expeditions to the head of the 

 Great Lakes. In 1672, Joliet and Father 

 Jacques Marquette, with six other companions 

 in two birch-bark canoes, set out to trace the 

 course of the Mississippi. They ascended the 

 Fox River, crossed the portage to the Wiscon- 

 sin, sailed down that stream, and entered the 

 Mississippi, following its windings southward 

 to a point riot far from the mouth of the 

 Arkansas. Satisfied that the Mississippi 

 emptied into the Gulf of Mexico, and not into 

 the Pacific Ocean, as had been generally be- 

 lieved, they returned to Quebec by way of the 

 Illinois river and Lake Michigan. Although 

 Joliet lost all his charts during this expedition, 

 he was able from memory to draw a map of 

 the discoveries he had made. He was pre- 

 sented with the island of Anticosti, where he 

 built a fort. In 1697 he was given sovereign 



