JOURNALISM 



3177 



JUAN FERNANDEZ 



wonderful Passover was held which was so well 

 attended and so solemn that nothing like it 

 had been celebrated since the time of Samuel 

 (II Kings XXIII, 1-25). Thirteen years later 

 (616 B.C.), prompted by friendship for the king 

 of Assyria, Josiah marched against Pharaoh 

 Necho, who was on his way to attack that 

 kingdom, and at Megiddo, where the two 

 armies met, he was mortally wounded. 



JOURNALISM, jur'naliz'm, SCHOOLS OF, 

 whose purpose is the training of men for the 

 newspaper profession, are now being established 

 in connection with many of the leading col- 

 leges and universities in America. Though 

 occasional lectures had been given on journal- 

 ism it was not until the first decade of the 

 twentieth century that courses of practical 

 value were introduced. The universities of the 

 Middle West were the leaders in establishing 

 regular courses in journalism. The University 

 of Missouri maintains a school of journalism 

 which has the same standing as its schools of 

 medicine, of law and of education; the degree 

 given is that of bachelor of journalism. Many 

 universities offer special training as a part of 

 the work of the English department, and the 

 students circulate a newspaper, usually a daily, 

 on which they do all the work, including re- 

 porting, editorial writing, managing, and some- 

 times even typesetting and press work. Co- 

 lumbia University is the only Eastern school 

 that has a regular school of journalism. It was 

 founded in 1912 through the generosity of 

 Joseph Pulitzer of the New York World and 

 Saint Louis Post-Dispatch, who donated for 

 this purpose a fund of $2,000,000. w.w. 



JUAN DE FUCA, hwan' day foo'ka, STRAIT 

 OF, a waterway separating Vancouver Island 

 from the state of Washington. It connects 

 Puget Sound, on the south, with the Strait of 



JUAN DE FUCA 



Georgia, which separates Vancouver Island 

 from the Canadian shore, on the north. The 

 strait is of great commercial importance, as 

 it is a part of the route by which ships co from 

 Seattle, Vancouver and Victoria to the Pacific 



Ocean. It is about eighty miles long and has 

 an average width of ten to eighteen miles. 

 The shores are covered with heavy timber and 

 are usually high and somewhat rocky. 



The strait was named for Juan de Fuca, a 

 sixteenth-century Greek navigator whose real 

 name was Apostolos Valerianos. His claim to 

 have discovered and navigated the strait was 

 false, but his name remained. The island of 

 San Juan, at the eastern end of the strait, was 

 the cause of a long-standing dispute between 

 the United States and Great Britain, the ques- 

 tion being whether it should be considered a 

 part of British Columbia or of Washington. 

 The German emperor, who arbitrated the issue 

 in 1872, decided that it should belong to Wash- 

 ington. The international boundary runs 

 through the Strait of Haro, west of the island. 



THE SELKIRK MONUMENT 



The following inscription on the tablet fully 

 explains its presence : 



"In memory of Alexander Selkirk, mariner. A 

 native of Largo, in the county of Fife, Scotland, 

 who lived on this island in complete solitude, for 

 four years and four months. He was landed 

 from the Cinque Ports galley, 96 tons, 16 guns, 

 A. D. 1704, and was taken off in the Duke, priva- 

 teer, 12th Feb., 1709. He died lieutenant of 

 H.M.S. Weymouth, A. D. 1722, aged 47 years. 

 This tablet is erected near Selkirk's lookout by 

 Commodore Powell and the officers of H.M.S. 

 Topaze, A. D. 1868." 



JUAN FERNANDEZ, hwahn fernahn' dayth, 

 a group of volcanic islands in the Pacific Ocean, 

 about 350 miles west of the city of Valparaiso^ 



