KENDALL 



3221 



KENNAN 



the absences of Sir Sam Hughes, and in No- 

 vember, 1916, after the resignation of Hughes, 

 Kemp was appointed to succeed him. 



KEN 'BALL, AMOS (1789-1869), an American 

 statesman and political leader who served as 

 Postmaster-General during the administrations 

 of Presidents Jackson and Van Buren. He was 

 born at Dunstable, Mass., and for several years 

 acted in the capacity of tutor in the family of 

 Henry Clay, in Kentucky. Later he was ad- 

 mitted to the bar. After Jackson's election to 

 the Presidency he became a leading figure in 

 the famous "Kitchen Cabinet" (see KITCHEN 

 CABINET), and was influential in shaping the 

 policies of the administration. President Jack- 

 son made him an auditor in the Treasury De- 

 partment and later Postmaster-General, and in 

 the latter office he was continued by President 

 Van Buren. Of several improvements in the 

 postal service, due to his initiative and good 

 judgment, the money-order system is most im- 

 portant. Kendall edited several newspapers. 

 During his last years he devoted himself to 

 many philanthropic enterprises, for he had 

 amassed a great fortune through his invest- 

 ments with Samuel F. B. Morse in telegraph 

 patents. He wrote a Life of Jackson and an 

 Autobiography. 



KENESAW MOUNTAIN, BATTLE OF, a bat- 

 tle of the War of Secession, fought in Cobb 

 County, Georgia, June 27, 1864, during Sher- 

 man's march to the sea. The Federal army of 

 about 95,000, under General Sherman, was 

 marching from Chattanooga to Atlanta, and 

 General Joseph E. Johnston's army of 60,000 

 Confederates was retreating before them. John- 

 ston, who was extremely prudent, finally in- 

 trenched his army at Kenesaw Mountain, 

 where it was attacked by the Union army un- 

 der the lead of McCook and Logan, the for- 

 mer being killed. The Federals, who were 

 repulsed, suffered a loss of about 3,000; that 

 of the Confederates was 700. After this battle 

 only two engagements were fought before Sher- 

 man forced the surrender of Atlanta. 



KEN'ILWORTH, a town of England, in 

 Warwickshire, four miles north of Warwick, 

 whose chief attraction is its magnificent ivy- 

 covered ruin, the famous Kenil worth Castle. 

 This historic building, founded in the reign of 

 Henry I, formed the setting for many notable 

 events in English history, as well as the back- 

 ground for Sir Walter Scott's novel, Kenil- 

 worth. 



Scott founded his romance on Mickle's bal- 

 lad of Cumnor Hall, which tells the tragic 



story of Amy Robsart, the martyred wife of 

 Queen Elizabeth's favorite, the Earl of Lei- 

 cester. Queen Elizabeth, Sir Walter Raleigh, 

 Shakespeare and other historical personages 

 are introduced, and elaborate descriptions are 

 given of the queen's visit to the castle and the 

 gorgeous entertainment given there for her by 



RUINS OF KENILWORTH CASTLE 



the Earl of Leicester, to whom the castle was 

 presented. The festivities continued for nine- 

 teen days, during which every sort of wasteful 

 extravagance possible at that age was indulged 

 in. The town has now a population of about 

 5,000. 



KENNAN, ken' an, GEORGE (1845- ), an 

 American author and lecturer, celebrated for 

 his investigations of the Siberian exile system. 

 He was born in Norwalk, Ohio, was educated 

 at Williams College, studied telegraphy, and 

 became manager of a telegraph office in Cin- 

 cinnati. From 1865 to 1871 he was construc- 

 tion engineer of the Russo- American Telegraph 

 Company in Siberia, during which time he was 

 greatly stirred by what he heard regarding 

 the exile system. Subsequently he investigated 

 conditions of the convict system of Siberia, 

 making a journey of over 15,000 miles, visit- 

 ing mines and prisons. He then returned to 

 America and lectured on his Siberian experi- 

 ences, which led to his expulsion from Russia 

 in 1901 when he again visited that country. 

 Kennan served as war correspondent during 

 the Spanish-American War in 1898 and the 

 Russo-Japanese War in 1904 and 1905, and 

 embodied his experiences and conclusions in 

 lectures and in articles for various magazines. 

 His published works include Siberia and the 

 Exile System, Campaigning in Cuba and The 

 Tragedy of Pelee, the latter a work dealing 

 with the eruption of Mount Pelee, in Mar- 

 tinique (which see). 



