KING PHILIP 



3258 



KINGSLEY 



KING PHILIP ( ? -1676), a famous Indian 

 chief connected with early American history, 

 whose real name was Metacomet. He was the 

 son of Massasoit, friend of the white colonists 

 and ruler of the Wampanoags, a tribe living 

 in what is now Southeastern Rhode Island. 

 Philip is famous as the chief character in the 

 most severe Indian war in which the English 

 colonists were ever engaged. Like his father, 

 Philip had long been friendly to the whites, 

 but believing that their occupancy of the 

 country would result in the destructi.on of his 

 own people, he joined with the latter when 

 they rose against the colonists. This outbreak, 

 known as King Philip's War, was marked by 

 massacres and widespread destruction. The 

 superior forces of the English gradually weak- 

 ened the power of the Indians, who were 

 finally entirely subdued. Philip fled to his old 

 home near Mount Hope, R. I., where on Au- 

 gust 12, 1676, he was hunted down and killed 

 by a searching party. 



KINGS, BOOKS OF, two books of the Old 

 Testament, in which the political history of 

 the kingdoms of Israel and Judah is related 

 from the close of David's reign to the fall of 

 Jerusalem and the captivity in Babylon. The 

 life of the two kingdoms was closely inter- 

 woven up to the capture of Israel, for both 

 countries had a constant conflict within them- 

 selves over the worship of God and Baal. 

 However, Judah was led by the faithful kings, 

 Asa, Hezekiah and Josiah, so it existed for 

 130 years after the fall of its neighbor. Al- 

 though the authorship of the books is uncer- 

 tain, they cover about the same period of 400 

 years described in the two books of Chronicles, 

 and were probably written by the prophets or 

 priests, being later collected into the one book 

 by Jeremiah or Ezra. See CHRONICLES, BOOKS 

 OF. 



KINGSFORD, WILLIAM (1819-1898), a Cana- 

 dian engineer and historian, whose History of 

 Canada is still a standard work. In the prepa- 

 ration of this great book, in ten volumes, he 

 spent seventeen years in a faithful study of 

 the Canadian archives, and then devoted the 

 last ten years of his life to writing it. It is 

 an accurate, straightforward account of the 

 story of Canada. Until the appearance of this 

 monumental history Kingsford was known as 

 an engineer and author of books on Canadian 

 canals and railroads. He was of English birth, 

 but went to Canada in 1837 as a soldier. In 

 1841 he left the army to go into the city sur- 

 veyor's office in Montreal. Thereafter he was 



employed in the survey of the Lachine Canal, 

 in the construction of railways in New York 

 State and Panama, in the survey "of the Grand 

 Trunk Railway, and finally, from 1872 to 1879, 

 was Dominion engineer in charge of the Saint 

 Lawrence River and the harbors on the Great 

 Lakes. G.H.L. 



KINGSLEY, kings' li, CHARLES (1819-1875), 

 an English novelist and clergyman, best known 

 as the author of Westward Ho! a stirring, 

 vivid tale of English naval and commercial 

 glory in the days of Queen Elizabeth. Of 

 almost equal dra- 

 matic interest are 

 two other his- 

 torical novels, 

 Hereward the 

 Wake, the events 

 of which take 

 place during the 

 reign of William 

 the Conqueror, 

 and Hypatia, the 

 story of Chris- 

 tianity in conflict 

 with the declin- 

 ing philosophy of 

 Greece in the 

 fifth century. 

 Kingsley was born 

 June 12, 1819, was 

 College, Cambridge University, and after his 

 graduation in 1842 became a curate of the 

 parish of Eversley, in Hampshire. Two years 

 later he became its rector. He soon began to 

 devote himself to the welfare of the working 

 classes, revealing his genuine sympathy for 

 the poor in his first novel, Alton Locke (1849), 

 the hero of which is a London tailor. In 

 Yeast, a Problem, which soon followed, he 

 pointed out the conditions of the English farm 

 laborers. 



Kingsley was appointed professor of mod- 

 ern history at Cambridge in 1860; in 1869 he 

 was made canon of Chester and later canon 

 of Westminster. He was one of the most ef- 

 fective preachers of the day, and his best pulpit 

 discourses have been published under the title 

 Twenty-five Village Sermons. In 1874 he vis- 

 ited the United States, delivering while there 

 a course of lectures. 



Kingsley was also the author of several 

 poems and of a charming fairy tale for chil- 

 dren, entitled The Water Babies. This beau- 

 tiful story, which was written originally for 

 the entertainment and instruction of one of 



CHARLES KINGSLEY 

 educated at Magdalen 



