KINGSTON 



3259 



KINGSTON 



the author's own children, relates the adven- 

 tures of an ill-used little chimney-sweep named 

 Tom. Having plunged one day into the cool 

 waters of a meadow stream, to cleanse his 

 sooty little body, he was drowned. At least 

 that is what the people believed, for they 

 found his body in the water and buried it, 

 not knowing that he had been changed by the 

 fairies into a little swimming creature about 

 four inches long a true water baby. 



KINGSTON, kings 'tun, the county town of 

 Frontenac County, Ontario, at the eastern end 

 of Lake Ontario, where waters of the Great 

 Lakes enter the Saint Lawrence River. It is 

 also at the mouth of the Cataraqui River, and 

 is the southern terminus of the Rideau Canal 

 (which see). The position of Kingston at the 

 entrance to the Saint Lawrence makes it a 

 point of call for all steamers on this route, 

 and brings it a large trade, particularly in the 

 transshipment of grains. The harbor is large, 

 and is sheltered by two islands, Wolfe and 

 Simcoe. In addition to the facilities for water 

 transportation, Kingston is served by three 

 great trunk lines of railway, the Canadian 

 Pacific, the Canadian Northern and the Grand 

 Trunk; by the shortest rail routes it is 163 

 miles northeast of Toronto and 117 miles 

 southwest of Montreal. Population in 1911, 

 18,874; in 1916, about 21,000. 



Kingston's industries are of great impor- 

 tance, including boat-building and the manu- 

 facture of locomotives and railway rolling 

 stock, cotton and woolen goods, leather, pianos 

 and tiles. The annual value of the manufac- 

 tures is nearly $5,000,000. The public buildings, 

 all of stone, are a striking feature of the city, 

 and also noteworthy are the Anglican and 

 Roman Catholic cathedrals, several hospitals, a 

 Dominion penitentiary and the Rockwood asy- 

 lum for lunatics. Chief among the educational 

 institutions is Queen's University (which see). 

 The Royal Military College of Canada, founded 

 in 1886, is here, as are also the School of Min- 

 ing and the Eastern Dairy School. The prox- 

 imity of the famous Thousand Islands (which 

 see) has made Kingston a resort for summer 

 visitors. 



KINGSTON, an important city of the tropi- 

 cal West Indies, the capital and principal port 

 of Jamaica. It is in one of the greatest ba- 

 nana-producing regions of the world and is an 

 important port of call for steamships en route 

 from New York City to the Panama Canal. 

 The city is situated in the southeastern part 

 of the island, on one of the best of small land- 



locked harbors. Kingston was founded in 

 1693, the year after the older town of Port 

 Royal was carried into the sea by an earth- 

 quake. Old Port Royal, located on the end 

 of the arm of land locking the harbor, was 

 long the rendezvous for pirates and outlaws, 

 and was said to be "the wickedest spot in the 

 world." Kingston has been visited by earth- 

 quakes and fires, but each time has been re- 

 built. It is now a beautiful, modern city in 

 which are located the British government 

 offices. It is also the railroad center for the 

 island of Jamaica and carries on a thriving 

 import and export trade. Population, 1911, 

 57,379. See JAMAICA. 



KINGSTON, N. Y., the county seat of 

 Ulster County and a city of historical inter- 

 est, dating from colonial days. It is situated 

 in the southeastern part of the state, on the 

 Hudson River, which at this point receives 

 the waters of the Rondout River. Albany is 

 fifty-five miles north, Poughkeepsie is fifteen 

 miles south and New York is eighty-eight miles 

 south. Transportation is provided by the 

 West Shore and the New York, Ontario & 

 Western railways, by the Walkill Valley Rail- 

 road, which connects with the Erie Railway, 

 and by the Ulster & Delaware, connecting with 

 the Delaware & Hudson Railroad. Connection 

 with all stopping points on the Hudson River 

 is made by steamboats. The population was 

 25,908 in 1910; it was 26,711 in 1916 (Federal 

 estimate). The area is little less than seven 

 square miles. 



Owing to its excellent shipping facilities, 

 Kingston is the center for a large trade in coal, 

 building and paving stone, brick, lime, cement, 

 lumber, grain and farm products. There are 

 extensive railroad shops, steamboat plants, lace 

 mills, automobile plants, foundries and cigar 

 and shirt factories. The city has a Federal 

 building, a city hall, a $325,000 high school, 

 erected in 1914, Kingston and Ulster academies, 

 a business college, a Carnegie Library and 

 four hospitals. Features of interest are the 

 Old Senate House, the Centennial House and 

 Ulster County courthouse. 



The first settlement was made by the Dutch 

 in 1652; it was then called Esopus, for the 

 Esopus Indians. In 1661 it was chartered as 

 a dependency of Fort Orange (now Albany) 

 and called Wiltwyck. In 1667 the British took 

 possession of it, and in 1669 the name was 

 changed to Kingston by the first English gov- 

 ernor, Lovelace, in honor of his family seat 

 "Kingston," in England. In the Senate House 



