KING WILLIAM'S WAR 



3260 



KIPLING 



(built in 1676), the first senate of the Empire 

 State gathered in February, 1777, and the first 

 state constitution was proclaimed in front of 

 the courthouse in the following April. Chief 

 Justice Jay opened the first state court in 

 Kingston in September of the same year. In 

 October, 1777, the British under General 

 Vaughn destroyed the town by fire, the only 

 building saved being the Centennial House. 

 Kingston was incorporated as a village in 

 1805, and in 1872, when the villages of Rondout 

 and Wilbur were annexed, it received a city 

 charter. J.E.C. 



KING WILLIAM'S WAR. See FRENCH AND 

 INDIAN WARS. 



KIOWA, ki'owa, a tribe of North American 

 Indians, whose range was formerly along the 

 Arkansas and Canadian rivers in Indian Terri- 

 tory (now Oklahoma) , Colorado and New Mex- 

 ico. They were very hostile to the whites, and 

 made repeated attacks on the settlers in West- 

 ern Texas until, in 1868, they were confined on 

 a reservation in the present Oklahoma. In 

 1874 they became troublesome again, but in 

 the following year were fully subdued. Ac- 

 cording to a treaty made in 1901, the surviv- 

 ing Kiowas, who number about 1,100, are in 

 law American citizens. 



KIP 'LING, [JOSEPH] RUDYARD (1865- ), 

 an English short-story writer, novelist and 

 poet, who achieved world-wide fame in the 

 latter part of the nineteenth century as one 

 of the most original and forceful writers of 

 the age. His 

 writings are a 

 revelation of 

 abounding vital- 

 ity of narrative, 

 variety of char- 

 acter, inventive- 

 ness and power 

 to convey to the 

 reader the magic 

 spell and atmos- 

 phere of far-away 

 lands. He is a RUDYARD KIPLING 

 master of the short story and a poet whose 

 vigorous and unconventional verse is like that 

 of no other writer. 



Kipling was born on December 30, 1865, 

 in Bombay, India, the country which he has 

 pictured in all its variety, its mystery and its 

 strange beauty. His father, who was for sev- 

 eral years connected with the art schools at 

 Bombay and Lahore, sent him to England 

 when he was five years of age. In 1879 Rud- 



yard entered the United Services College at 

 Westward Ho, Devonshire, enjoying there a 

 series of schoolboy adventures which he after- 

 ward reproduced in the breezy stories pub- 

 lished under the name Stalky & Co. (1899). 

 At the age of seventeen he returned to India 

 and joined the editorial staff of the Lahore 

 Civil and Military Gazette. In this journal ap- 

 peared some of his earliest verse and sketches 

 of Anglo-Indian life. From 1887 to 1889 he 

 was assistant editor of the Allahabad Pioneer, 

 and during this period published several of his 

 best-known narratives, including Soldiers Three, 

 The Phantom Rickshaw and Other Tales and 

 Wee Willie Winkle and Other Child Stories. 



In 1892 Kipling married the daughter of H. 

 Wolcott Balestier of New York, and for a few 

 years thereafter made his home in Brattleboro, 

 Vt. His fame as a writer -of fiction was already 

 secure, but he won new laurels through his spir- 

 ited verses in the slang language of the soldier, 

 published in 1892 in book form under the title 

 Barrack Room Ballads. Two Jungle Books, 

 those fascinating beast stories whose scenes are 

 laid in the wilds of India, appeared in 1894 

 and 1895 to delight a host of readers, old and 

 young. Two years later Kipling wrote his 

 noblest poem, The Recessional, in honor of 

 Queen Victoria's diamond jubilee. The open- 

 ing stanzas of this majestic song could appro- 

 priately be called a prayer for all nations: 



God of our fathers, known of old 

 Lord of our far-flung battle-line 



Beneath whose awful Hand we hold 

 Dominion over palm and pine 



Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet, 



Lest we forget, lest we forget ! 



The tumult and the shouting dies 

 The captains and the kings depart 



Still stands Thine ancient sacrifice, 

 An humble and a contrite heart. 



Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet, 



Lest we forget, lest we forget ! 



The most notable of Kipling's longer narra- 

 tives, Kim, appeared in 1901. This marvelous 

 panorama of life in India was followed the 

 next year by The Just-So Stories, a book for 

 children. In 1907 the author visited the Cana- 

 dian Northwest, where he received a most 

 enthusiastic welcome, and the same year he 

 was awarded the Nobel prize for literature 

 (see NOBEL PRIZES). Among his later writings 

 are Traffics and Discoveries, Puck oj Pook's 

 Hill, Actions and Reactions, Rewards and Fair- 

 ies, A History of England (written with C. 

 R. L. Fletcher) and The Harbor Watch (a 

 play). Kipling has taken an active interest 



