KLAMATH 



3266 



KLONDIKE 



KITTIWAKE 



and North America. They breed on the coasts 

 of North America from the Gulf of Saint Law- 

 rence northward, wintering on the Great Lakes 

 and on the Atlantic coast as far south as New 

 York, and on the coasts of Great Britain. The 

 nests are made 

 of seaweed, large 

 numbers being 

 placed close to- 

 gether on rocky 

 ledges. The eggs, 

 numbering from 

 three to five, vary 

 in color from 

 buff to grayish- 

 brown and are marked with chocolate spots. 

 The birds grow to a length of sixteen to eight- 

 een inches and are generally white, with blu- 

 ish-gray back and wings. The beak is yellow 

 and the legs are brownish-black. On the Brit- 

 ish Islands kittiwakes have been ruthlessly 

 slaughtered for the millinery trade. 



KLAMATH, klah'mat, the collective name 

 of several tribes of American Indians, whose 

 original home was along the Klamath River 

 in Oregon and California. By a treaty nego- 

 tiated in 1864 they were given their present 

 reservation along Klamath Lake, at the base 

 of the Cascade Range, covering 1,360 square 

 miles. The Klamath formerly possessed the 

 whole of Northern California and numbered 

 among their tribes the Shastas and the Mo- 

 docs. They were very warlike, but are now 

 a civilized and industrious people, and are ex- 

 pert stockmen. In 1917 they numbered about 

 600. See INDIANS, AMERICAN. 



KLAU'SENBURG, klou ' zen burk, a town on 

 Little Szamos River, one of the chief cities of 

 Transylvania and formerly its capital. It is 

 now capital of the county of the same name. 

 It consists of an inner town, formerly fortified, 

 and of five suburbs. The trade includes the 

 manufacture and export of cigars, beet sugar 

 and paper. It has a university and other edu- 

 cational institutions of importance, including a 

 Unitarian College. The town also possesses 

 a national museum, with antiquities, scientific 

 collections, and a library of 45,000 volumes. 

 Klausenburg was captured by Hungarian revo- 

 lutionists during the uprisings of 1848. Popula- 

 tion in 1910, of whom the greater part are 

 Magyars, 60,800. 



KLEPTOMANIA, kleptohma'ria, from two 

 Greek words meaning to steal and madness, is 

 the term applied to a form of mild insanity 

 which manifests itself in an uncontrollable im- 



pulse to take some object which is the property 

 of another. The person so affected is called a 

 kleptomaniac. A kleptomaniac may be normal 

 in other respects, and is to be distinguished 

 from those suffering from well-defined forms 

 of insanity in which the tendency to steal is one 

 of several characteristics. 



Kleptomania is not the same as shoplifting. 

 The former is exhibited by persons who steal 

 articles, not for their value nor because of 

 actual need, but because they are acting under 

 an irresistible impulse. Shoplifters commit 

 the act of theft for the same reason that a 

 pickpocket or a burglar steals. Kleptomaniacs 

 sometimes pilfer objects which attract their 

 attention, with no attempt at concealment. 



Irresistible impulse is not held a valid de- 

 fense in courts of law, unless it is shown that 

 the defendant is unable to distinguish between 

 right and wrong. There is a tendency, how- 

 ever, to recognize it as a defense when it is 

 fully established that the accused is unable to 

 control his actions. S.C.B. 



Consult Kirchhoff's Handbook of Insanity. 



KLON'DIKE, the scene of the greatest 

 "gold rush" the world has ever known, quite 

 eclipsing even the famous California gold boom 

 of 1849. The Klondike is situated in the region 

 surrounding Klondike Creek and its tributaries 



THE KLONDIKE DISTRICT 

 It lies entirely in Canada, in" the Yukon dis- 

 trict. 



in the Yukon district of Canada, to the east 

 of the Yukon River and the Alaskan border 

 line. G. W. Cormack, a prospecting miner and 

 a native of Illinois, discovered rich gold de- 

 posits in this territory in 1896. He had located 

 on the Klondike River for the purpose of 

 salmon fishing, but that proving unprofitable,, 

 he abandoned it to seek gold. 



